Chronic Cervicitis 1. Definition: Chronic cervicitis is a long-term inflammation of the cervix that persists over time. It often results from unresolved or repeated infections and can lead to ongoing symptoms. 2. Etiology: o Persistent Infections: Continued or recurrent infections by bacteria or viruses. o Chronic Irritation: Long-term exposure to irritants such as chemical contraceptives or allergens. o Cervical Trauma: Trauma from childbirth, surgery, or injury to the cervix. 3. Symptoms: o Chronic Discharge: Persistent vaginal discharge that may be mucous or purulent. o Chronic Pain: Ongoing pelvic pain or discomfort. o Abnormal Bleeding: Continuous or irregular bleeding patterns. o Asymptomatic Cases: Some women may have no noticeable symptoms. 4. Diagnosis: o Pelvic Examination: Identifies signs of long-term inflammation or changes in the cervix. o Colposcopy: Detailed examination of the cervix with a magnifying instrument to identify any abnormalities. o Biopsy: A biopsy may be performed to assess for chronic inflammation or rule out cervical dysplasia or cancer. 5. Treatment: o Addressing Underlying Causes: Treatment focuses on resolving chronic infections or addressing irritants. o Medication: Long-term antibiotics or antiviral medications may be required if an infection is the cause. o Surgical Intervention: In severe cases, procedures such as cryotherapy or laser therapy may be used to treat persistent inflammation. Prognosis:  Acute Cervicitis: Generally good with appropriate treatment; symptoms typically resolve with resolution of the infection.  Chronic Cervicitis: May require ongoing management; addressing underlying causes is crucial for long-term relief and prevention of complications.