Acute and Chronic Cervicitis Cervicitis refers to the inflammation of the cervix, which is the lower part of the uterus that connects to the vagina. Cervicitis can be acute or chronic, each with distinct causes, symptoms, and treatment approaches. Acute Cervicitis: 1. Definition: Acute cervicitis is a sudden inflammation of the cervix, often caused by infections or irritants. It is characterized by a rapid onset of symptoms and can be a result of acute infections. 2. Etiology: o Infections: Bacterial infections (e.g., Chlamydia trachomatis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae), viral infections (e.g., herpes simplex virus), and sometimes yeast infections can cause acute cervicitis. o Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs): STIs are common causes and can lead to acute inflammation of the cervix. o Irritants: Use of douches, contraceptive devices, or exposure to chemicals may contribute. 3. 4. Symptoms: o Vaginal Discharge: Abnormal discharge that may be yellow, green, or frothy. o Bleeding: Postcoital bleeding (bleeding after intercourse) or intermenstrual bleeding (bleeding between periods). o Pain: Discomfort or pain during intercourse or pelvic pain. o Itching/Burning: Localized itching or burning sensation. 5. Diagnosis: o Pelvic Examination: Allows visual inspection of the cervix for signs of inflammation, discharge, or abnormal appearance. o Specimen Collection: Cultures or swabs may be taken for identifying infectious agents. o Pap Smear: Used to detect cellular abnormalities and rule out dysplasia or malignancy. 6. Treatment: o Antibiotics/Antivirals: Treatment depends on the causative agent; antibiotics for bacterial infections and antivirals for viral infections. o Avoidance of Irritants: Recommending discontinuation of douches and other potential irritants. o Follow-Up: Monitoring and follow-up to ensure resolution of infection and symptoms. 7. \