University:
American Baptist College
Course:
CSCI 3621 | Networking
Academic year:

2022
Views:

379

Pages:

1
Author:

5prinzg1s

LESSON 2 TELECOMMUNICATION 5G TECHNOLOGY - the latest telecommunication networks OFFERS OF 5GT ➢ extraordinary data capabilities ➢ high connectivity ➢ large phone memory USES ➢ Enhanced Mobile Broadband ➢ Mission-critical communications ➢ Massive IoT ADVANTAGES ➢ Decreases traffic load. ➢ 10 times decrease in latency. ➢ It can give 3 times more spectrum efficiency DISADVANTAGES ➢ Costly to install and maintain. ➢ Privacy issues are not yet resolved. ➢ 5G user may suffer in losses in penetration, attenuation due to rain, etc., APPLICATIONS ➢ Pervasive (Global) Networks ➢ Media independent handover ➢ Radio source management ➢ VoIP (voice over IP) enabled devices ➢ With 6th sense technology DIFFERENCES: 5G Antenna vs 4G Antenna ➢ ➢ ➢ Greater radio frequencies Shorter wavelengths 5G Is Much Faster Compared to 4G PTN is unique because every piece of equipment, technique, or procedure, new or old, is capable of working with the rest of the system. Communications the process of conveying information from one place to another. Telecommunications is long-distance communications (from the Greek word tele meaning “distance” or “afar”). SUBSCRIBER LOOP - The simplest and most straightforward form of telephone service is called PLAIN OLD TELEPHONE SERVICE (POTS), which involves subscribers accessing the public telephone network through a pair of wires called the LOCAL SUBSCRIBER LOOP. STANDARD TELEPHONE SET ➢ Ringer Circuit ➢ On/ Off hook circuit ➢ Equalizer circuit ➢ Speakers ➢ Microphone ➢ Hybrid network ➢ Dialing circuit A dc voltage was used rather than an ac voltage for several reasons: (1) to prevent power supply burn (2) to allow service to continue in the event of a power outage (3) because people were afraid of ac Dial tone is an audible signal comprised of two frequencies: 350 Hz and 440 Hz MOBILE COMMUNICATION STANDARDS LESSON 3 ADVANCED NETWORKING PDH (PLESIOCHRONOUS DIGITAL HIERARCHY) - the data signals are almost synchronized, but not exactly. SYNCHRONOUS DIGITAL HIERARCHY (SDH) - data signals are fully synchronized and aligned with a common clock source. SDH ADVANTAGES ➢ simplifies the network architecture and management ➢ supports a variety of signal types and bit rates ➢ provides better error detection and correction mechanisms (CRC) & (FEC) SDH APPLICATIONS ➢ telephony, internet, television, or mobile ➢ Enables the flexible allocation and modification of bandwidth and services ➢ Allows for interconnection among different types of networks or systems THE TELECOMMUNICATION NETWORK Public Telephone Network (PTN) – uses the largest computer network in the world to interconnect millions of subscribers Short Message Service (SMS) communications protocol allowing the interchange of short text messages between mobile telephone devices. GSM NETWORK STRUCTURE Base Station Subsystem - the base stations and their controllers Network and Switching Subsystem (core network) - the part of the network most similar to a fixed network). GPRS Core Network - allows packet-based Internet connections ✓ 2G GSM ✓ 2.5G GENERAL PACKET RADIO SERVICE (GPRS) ✓ 2. 75G ENHANCED DATA RATES FOR GSM EVOLUTION (EDGE) ✓ 3G UNIVERSAL MOBILE TELECOMMUNICATIONS SERVICE (UMTS) ✓ 3.75G HIGH SPEED PACKET ACCESS (HSPA) ✓ 4G LONG TERM EVOLUTION (LTE) ✓ 5G NEW RADIO