Instruments of Measuring Volume

5 instruments to measure volume 1.Micropipettes A micropipette is a common, yet an essential laboratory instrument used to transfer volumes of liquid accurately and precisely in the microliter range, usually down to 0.1 µL. Micropipettes are available in single channel and multi-channel variants. They are most used in chemistry, biology, forensic, pharmaceutical, and drug discovery labs, among others. 2.Burettes Burette is a laboratory apparatus commonly used to dispense and measure variable amounts of liquid or sometimes gas within chemical and industrial testing specially for the titration process in volumetric analysis. Burettes can be specified according to their volume, resolution, and accuracy of dispensing. It consists of a long glass tube with a valve at one end to control the flow of liquid. Burettes serve essentially the same purpose as a pipette. 3. Graduated cylinder Graduates cylinders are used for measuring and transferring liquids in a manner that is less precise than with a pipet. When appropriately used, graduates may be used to measure and deliver volumes over 1 ml of most liquids with an acceptable level of accuracy. It is used provide analytical measurement of phase separation of liquid within the container. 4. Pipettes Pipettes are commonly used in laboratories to transport a measured volume of liquid, often as a media dispenser. It is come in several designs for various purposes with differing levels of accuracy and precision, from glass and polyethylene pipettes to more complex adjustable or electronic pipettes. Pipettes that dispense between 1 and 1000µl are termed micropipettes, while macropipettes dispense a greater volume. Pipettes enable sterile and accurate liquid handling and are commonly used within molecular biology, analytical chemistry, and medical tests. 5. Volume Flask Volumetric flask is used when it is necessary to know both precisely and accurately the volume of the solution that is being prepared. Like volumetric pipets, volumetric flasks come in different sizes, depending on the volume of the solution being prepared. Each flask, because it measures only one volume, has only one calibration mark (on the neck of the flask). When used in conjunction with a pipet, a volumetric flask can be used to prepare a dilute solution from a more concentrated one. 5 instruments to measure weight 1.Analytical balance scales Analytical balance is the common piece of equipment in the scientific laboratory. These highly precise instruments can measure down to ten thousandths or even hundred thousandths of a gram. Modern analytical balances use a complex system of electronic sensors to accurately mass a substance. The analytical balance is so sensitive that it often has a draft shield to prevent air currents from interfering with the measurement. 2.Centigram balance A centigram balance is employed for in all sorts of environments including classrooms, scientific laboratories, food stores, outer space and anywhere else where the mass of something must be measured. It is a metric unit that is equal to 1/100 of a gram. The scale can measure objects to the nearest 0.01 grams. 3.Microbalance Microbalances are used in a wide array of applications where small levels in weight variation can make a big difference. These instruments are often found in product testing and quality assurance labs, to ensure that exacting production standards are being met. Medical device researchers use microbalances for checking uniformity in critical components. Precision scales also play a role in chemistry labs and mining to measure small amounts of powders and minerals 4. Platform Balance A platform balance is a laboratory apparatus which is used for weighing objects. The balance has two platforms either mounted on or suspended from a cross-arm, and weights are placed on one platform until they balance the object being weighed. Platform balances are simple devices and are convenient in that they do not need any power to function. 5.Triple beam Balance Triple beam balances are typically used in laboratory settings. Different platforms can be used to weigh solids, liquids, or powders. The beams are divided into one hundred-gram, ten gram, or one-gram divisions for metric scales. The larger weights are balanced first. Then the fine tuning takes place on the smaller weight beams. It can provide higher accuracy than a spring-based measuring scale, and has an error margin of only 0.05 gm. 5 instruments to measure length 1.Metric ruler A metric ruler is the standard instrument for measurement in the scientific laboratory. On a metric ruler, each individual line represents a millimeter (mm). The numbers on the ruler represent centimeters (cm). There are 10 millimeters for each centimeter. All measuring devices are subject to error, making it impossible to obtain exact measurements. 2. Vernier caliper Vernier calipers found in the laboratory incorporates a main scale and a sliding Vernier scale which allows readings to the nearest 0.02 mm. This instrument may be used to measure outer dimensions of objects (using the main jaws), inside dimensions (using the smaller jaws at the top), and depths (using the stem). 3.Micrometer screw gauge Micrometer screw gauge is an instrument for making precise linear measurements of dimensions such as diameters, thicknesses, and lengths of solid bodies; it consists of a C-shaped frame with a movable jaw operated by an integral screw. The fineness of the measurement that can be made depends on the lead of the screw—i.e., the amount the spindle moves toward or away from the anvil in one revolution and the means provided for indicating fractional parts of a revolution. The accuracy of the measurements depends on the accuracy of the screw-nut combination. 4. Meter stick The simplest way to measure length is to use an ordinary meter stick. In the laboratory, meter sticks are carefully calibrated in centimeters with a millimeter least count. Meter sticks are used to measure objects that are larger than a piece of paper. meter stick is a little over 3 feet long, because a meter is approximately 3.2 feet. A meter stick closely compares to a yard stick. 5.Tape measure A tape measure is a portable measurement device used to quantify the size of an object or the distance between objects. The tape is marked along the tape edge in inches and fractional inches, typically in quarter-, eight-, sixteenth-inch increments. It is used to measure the proper number of significant digits.