University:
Amherst College
Course:
PSYC 221 | Personality Psychology
Academic year:

2021
Views:

82

Pages:

2
Author:

rehinhea0c

Module 33: Forgetting, memory construction, and memory improvement 33-1 Why do we forget? Anterograde amnesia - inability to form new memories, can still recall past memories Retrograde amnesia - inability to remember the past Encoding failure selective storage cannot make it to long-term memory storage texting during class can lead to not remembering something you just heard: we weren't paying attention we cannot remember what we have not encoded ✩ Storage decay Hermann Ebbinghaus discovered the forgetting curve forgetting may be rapid at first, then levels off at about 50%. Retrieval Failure forgetting is not memories faded, but memories unretrieved even though memories may have made it to long-term storage, there may be an entire widespread block which leads to forgetting Proactive interference - old memories interfere w/ new memories Retroactive interference - new memories interfere w/ old memories Information is better remembered if motor skill or muscle memories are learned while sleeping Motivated forgetting we repress painful or unacceptable memories to protect our self-concept and to minimize anxiety Repression: psychoanalytic theory - the basic defense mechanism that banishes anxiety-arousing thoughts, feelings, memories from your consciousness 33-2 Memory construction errors We infer our past from stored information plus what we later imagined information acquired after an event alters memory of the event sometimes we 'replicate' memory, we replace the original w/ a slightly modified version Misinformation and imagination effects incorporating misleading information into one's memory of an event hearing or vivid retelling of an event can implant false memories Source amnesia/misattribution attributing something which they made up or learned to the wrong source (e.g. they think they made up an idea but they unintentionally plagiarized from something they earlier read or heard) Déjà vu - a feeling a feeling of familiarity (temporal lobe) before consciously remembering details (hippocampus & frontal lobe); basically the two regions are out of synch, making us feel familiarity without recalling; leads to the eerie feeling of déjà vu FRAMING of an event

Psychology - Forgetting, Memory Construction, and Memory Improvement

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