Choose the Pencil That Has the Low

1. Choose the pencil that has the lowest potential energy. A pencil laying on the ground 2. Which of the following is a common energy currency (molecule) in living cells that powers most living organisms? ATP 3. Since energy cannot be created, which arrow represents the energy that will be converted to chemical energy the chameleon can later use? Arrow B, the insect being eaten 4. How does ATP release energy that can be used by living cells? By breaking a bond within an ATP molecule, converting it to ADP 5. Identify the principal role of cellular respiration. To convert the chemical energy of sugars into the chemical energy that fuels life's processes 6. Identify the principal role of photosynthesis. To convert solar energy into the chemical energy of sugars 7. Select the ultimate source of energy for nearly every organism on this planet. The sun 8. Which processes can be carried out by producers? Both photosynthesis and cellular respiration 9. Which processes can be carried out by consumers? Only cellular respiration 10. Which of the following organism is not a consumer? An oak tree 11. Choose the best explanation as to why both consumers and producers perform cellular respiration. Although they may obtain their sugars in different ways, both consumers and producers rely on cellular respiration to make ATP. 12. Which of the following best describes the chemical equation for photosynthesis? Water + Carbon dioxide + Energy = Sugar + Oxygen 13. How do we know green light is not absorbed by chlorophyll? Green light is the wavelength of light that is reflected instead of absorbed by the chloroplasts. 14. 15. 16. The main purpose of the Calvin cycle is to produce ________. Sugars What is the role of sunlight in photosynthesis? It excites electrons The bulk of the mass of a plant is made from ________. sugars made in photosynthesis, which were made from carbon dioxide 17. What is the main purpose of cellular respiration? To produce ATP 18. When one cell goes through cell division (mitosis), it produces ________. Two identical cells 19. 20. A stretch of DNA plus its associated proteins is called ________. chromatin and/or chromosome Genes are located on ________. 21. What type of cells do not undergo mitosis? 22. Cells spend most of their lives in ________. Interphase Is a clone genetically identical to its parent(s)? Chromosomes Gamtes 23. Yes, a clone is genetically identical to its single parent (the donor of the nucleus). 24. How many chromosomes did you inherit from your father? 23 25. Somatic cells are ________. Dipliod (2n) 26. What is the biological gender of the person indicated in the photograph? - female 27. 28. If mitosis makes somatic cells, what does meiosis make? gametes What process produces four daughter cells? Meiosis 29. Which of the following processes generate genetic variation during sexual reproduction? All of the processes listed generate genetic variation Random fertilization Independent assortment Crossing over 30. How many chromosomes would be found in the karyotype of a Down syndrome (trisomy 21) female? 47 31. When I say a flower is "purple," what have I described? Its phenotype 32. The recessive trait is expressed in an individual when ________. the individual has two recessive alleles 33. Which of the following processes generates a continuum (spectrum) of varying phenotypes? Height in humans is an example of this phenomenon. 34. What are the possible outcomes of the following cross? (it may help to doodle a Punnet Square). Bb x bb Polygenic inheritance Bb and bb 35. What is the monomer (single unit) of the DNA molecule? Nucleotide 36. If you know that a DNA double helix consists of 20 % adenine (A), what percentage of the DNA double helix is thymine (T)? 37. If you know that a DNA double helix consists of 20 % adenine, what percentage of the DNA double helix is guanine (G)? 38. According to the base pairing rules of DNA, if the sequence of bases on one strand was AGGCTTA, what would be the sequence of bases on the complementary strand? 20% 30% TCCGAAT 39. Which of the following statements is correct regarding DNA and RNA? 40. All are correct. DNA is double stranded, and RNA is a single strand. One of the bases is different. They each contain a slightly different sugar molecule. If DNA directs the production of RNA, what does RNA make? 41. The base that is not found in DNA, but only in RNA is ________ 42. A codon is ________. 43. Ribosomes ________. 44. What is a gene? RNA makes proteins (with ribosomes). Uracil three nucleotides of RNA that code for an amino acid translate mRNA into proteins All of these and more are part of the definition of a gene. A section of RNA that is generated inside of the nucleus A section of DNA that codes for one half of one protein A discrete sequence of DNA nucleotides which often codes for a protein 45. If the base sequence of the DNA template strand reads GCCATTAC, what is the base sequence of the mRNA? CGGUAAUG 46. What do "transfer RNA" actually transfer? 47. Cancer is ________. Amino acids uncontrolled cell growth 48. Using the codon table and the given codon sequences, describe the order of the amino acid sequence of the protein: AAU UUC CGG GGG 49. Asn – Phe – Arg – Gly Using the codon table, what is the appropriate transition of DNA to RNA to amino acid sequence for the following stretch of DNA? DNA: ACC TCG TTA RNA: ? Amino acid: ? UGG AGC AAU; Trp – Ser – Asn