The DNA Molecule Has a Ladder-type Structural Organization.Each Rung of This Ladder Represents

Unit 8-DNA Structure, Replication, and Protein Synthesis Objective 3,01-Analyze the molecular basis of heredity Including DNA replication, protein synthesis, and gene regulation 1. Which series is arranged in order from largest to smallest? a. Chromosomes, nucleus, cell, DNA, nucleotide b. Cell, nucleus, chromosome, DNA, nucleotide c. Nucleus, chromosome, cell, nucleotide, DNA d. DNA, cell, nucleotide, nucleus, chromosome 2. Scientists have determined that the shape of the DNA molecule is a. a single helix b. a cloverleaf c. a double helix d. a single strand 3. Scientists have determined that DNA is made of individual units called a. nitrogen bases b. nucleotides c. deoxyribose d. amino acids 4. Which compound is NOT part of a DNA nucleotide? a. ribose b. thymine c. deoxyribose d. adenine 5. Which diagram best represents a basic structural unit of DNA? a. (P b.P c. P d. P D U D A R U R A 6. The DNA molecule has a ladder-type structural organization. Each rung of this ladder represents a. ribose molecules c. alternating phosphate and glucose molecules b. a pair of nitrogenous bases d. a random organization of proteins and lipids 7. The four nitrogen bases found in DNA are a. amine, guanine, pyrimidine, ribose b. adenine, guanine, cytosine, thymine c. adenine, uracil, ribose, amine d. adenine, amine, guanine, cytosine 8. The diagram below represents a section of a DNA molecule Π G The missing nitrogen bases are a. T, C, C b. U, G, G c. A, G, C d. A, G, G 9. The pairing of In DNA is the key feature that allows for genetic variation a. deoxyribose b. nitrogen bases c. chromosomes d. hydrogen bonds 10. The varlety in the DNA code is found in the a. sides of the ladder b. rungs/steps of the ladder c. sequence of base pairs d. b and c 11. When does DNA replication occur? a. during interphase c. just after cell division b. just before the cell divides d. both a and b 12. Which event takes place first during DNA replication? a. tRNA links to an amino acid b. the DNA molecule "unzips" along hydrogen bonds c. free nucleotides are bonded together in the correct sequence d. a single-stranded RNA molecule is formed 13. Which event is NOT part of the process of DNA replication? a. hydrogen bonds are broken c. nitrogenous base pairs are formed b. a double-stranded molecule unwinds d. ribosomes are synthesized 14. The diagram below shows DNA replication: 20000 The 2 new DNA molecules may be described as... a. one molecule is entirely "old" and one is entirely "new" b. each molecule has one "old" strand and one "new" c. the molecule is always copied with no mistakes d. the molecule is copied quickly 15. During DNA replication, a complementary strand of DNA is made for each original DNA strand. Thus, if a portion of the original strand is CCTAGCT, the new strand will be a. TTGCATC b. AAGTATC c. CCTAGCT d. GGATCGA 16. Which of the following is true about DNA replication? a. it must occur before a cell can divide b. the process is catalyzed by enzymes c. two identical strands are formed 17. RNA is different from DNA in which of the following ways? d. all of the above a. RNA is single-stranded and DNA is double-stranded b. DNA contains thymine and RNA contains uracil c. DNA doesn't leave the nucleus and RNA does d. all of the above 20000 Component Double strand Substance 1 Substance 2 X 18. In the chart below, "X" indicates that a component is present within a substance: Substances 1 and 2 are most likely Single strand X a. RNA and ATP Cytosine X X Guanine X X Thymine X b. DNA and ATP Adenine X X Uracil X c. ATP and ICF Phosphate X X d. DNA and RNA 19. Which of the following is NOT a type of RN a. messenger b. translate c. transfer d. ribosomal 20. The process by which DNA is copied to RNA is called a. mitosis b. replication c. transcription d. translation 21. mRNA carries the message from c. the mitochondria to the nucleus d. the chromosomes to the mitochondria a. the ribosome to the mitochondria b. the chromosomes to the ribosomes 22. What process is being shown in the diagram below? 23. If a sequence of nitrogenous bases on a DNA strand is TAGCCTA, the corresponding sequence on the complementary RNA will be DNA Mole a. DNA replication b. Transcription c. Translation d. Meiosis a. TAGCCTA b. ATCGGAT c. UTCGGUT d. AUCGGAU Use the diagram below to answer questions 24-28: ① 24. What process is being shown in the diagram above? a. DNA replication b. transcription c. translation d. mitosis 25. The structure labeled "1" is a. mRNA b. tRNA c. ribosome d. amino acid 26. The structure labeled "2" is a. mRNA b. tRNA c. ribosome d. amino acid 27. The structure labeled "3" is a. mRNA b. tRNA c. ribosome d. amino acid 28. The structure labeled "4" will become a(n) a. DNA molecule b. RNA molecule c. protein c. ribosome 29. A sequence of 3 nitrogen bases on mRNA that pairs with the tRNA anticodon is a. anticodon b. codon c. triplet d . amino acid Use the mRNA strand and the codon chart to answer questions 30-33 1st base in codon 2nd base in codon UCAG UCAC G Pho Ser Tyr U Pho Ser Tyr Lou S STOP STOP Leu Ser STOP Tap Leu Lou P10 Pro His Hi Ary Ang U C A C Lou P10 Gin Arg Leu Pro Gl Ain A G The Sar A The The Am Sar Met The A Val As As Gly Gly GV Val Ma Ala G Gly Val Ma G Gly GARUCAG mRNA-CUC AAG UGC UUC 30. The sequence of DNA that this molecule was transcribed from is a. AGA CCT GTA GGA b. GAG TTC ACG AAG c. GTC TTC TCG TTG d. GAG UUC ACG AAG 31. The tRNA codon that pairs with the first mRNA codon is a. GAG b. GTG c. CUC d. CTC 32. The correct sequence of amino acids is a. Leu Lys Cys Leu c. Ser Arg Ser Phe b. Glu Phe Thr Lys d. Leu Lys Cys Phe 33. A codon that codes for the amino acid Valine (Val) is a. GUA b. UGU c. GGG d. GCU Use the series of reactions shown below to answer questions 34-35: Molecule A Transcription> Molecule B Translation> Product 34. In the series of reactions shown above, molecule A would be: a. DNA b. RNA c. Amino Acids d. Enzymes 35. The final product in the series of reactions is a. DNA b. RNA c. Amino Acids d. Cells