University:
California State University, Northridge
Course:
PSY 105 | Sports Psychology
Academic year:

2023
Views:

96

Pages:

2
Author:

Jithin J. I.

REPRESENTATION OF ACTIONS IN LONG-TERM MEMORY I. Complex Skills Representation  Objective: Understanding how complex skills are stored in long-term memory for voluntary control.  Components: Action representation (action knowledge) and action execution (movement execution control). II. Goal Representations and Effect Representations 1. Distal and Proximal Effects  Objective: Achieving a distal effect (perceptual event in the environment) through voluntary actions.  Proximal Effects: Sensory events arising from the movement itself (e.g., tactile and kinesthetic sensations).  Association: Bidirectional relationship between actions and their sensory effects.  Ideomotor Hypothesis: Actions are represented based on their sensory effects and are connected to them bidirectionally. Ideomotor Hypothesis: Actions are represented in terms of their sensory effects and are bidirectionally connected to them. The simple imagination or anticipation of these effects can activate the corresponding action (James, 1890). III. Representation of Biomechanical Parameters  Inclusion of Biomechanical Parameters: Actions are represented considering individual biomechanical parameters (e.g., body size, limb length).  Example: Children and adults perform a tennis serve differently due to limb length variations.  Common Coding Theory: Perception of actions is mediated by shared representations that represent actions.  Empirical Evidence: Predicting one's own action effects is easier than predicting others' action effects due to the precise representation of one's own movement system. Common Coding of Perception and Action: Perception and action are coded as perceived and produced events, with shared representations providing a direct link between perception and action (common coding theory; Prinz, 1997). IV. Theory of Event Coding (TEC)  Concept: The representation of events conveys the codes of their features.  Features: Refers to the distal perceptual events (sensory action effects). Theory of Event Coding (TEC): The representation of events conveys the codes of their features, which refer to the distal perceptual events (sensory action effects) (Hommel et al., 2001). V. Key Takeaways  Understanding how complex skills are stored in long-term memory aids in voluntary motor control.  Actions are represented with consideration of sensory effects.  Bidirectional association between actions and sensory effects.  Inclusion of individual biomechanical parameters in action representation.  Common coding theory and theory of event coding play pivotal roles in understanding perception and action relationships.