University:
California State University, Northridge
Course:
PSY 409 | Advanced Sport Psychology
Academic year:

2023
Views:

459

Pages:

2
Author:

Jithin J I

FAILURES SPORTS OF AWARENESS IN  A target stimulus is not consciously perceived when another target is presented shortly before. crucial sports  Originates from a temporal absence of attention.  Example: Missing a target due to a brief gap in attention. I. Introduction  Awareness is a component of performance.  Failures of awareness can lead to missed opportunities and errors.  Several types awareness: of failures of  Deliberate inhibition (not a failure).  Subliminal (below perception).  3. Inattentional Blindness information conscious Failure to allocate attention properly. II. Types of Failures of Awareness  Participants fail to perceive changes in an image when attention is not focused on that area.  Originates from the spatial absence of attention. Example: images with changes. 2. Attentional Blink Failure of awareness when a stimulus unexpectedly appears while attention is focused elsewhere.  Common in everyday life and sports.  Example: Not noticing an open player while focusing on the ball. III. Insights from Sports Studies 1. Change Blindness    Memmert (2006) and Furley et al. (2010) found that basketball experts are less prone to inattentional blindness in basketball situations than novices.  Increased perceptual capacity is specific to expertise in a particular sport and doesn't generalize.  Factors influencing failures of awareness in sports: Flickering unnoticed  Expertise in the sport enhances detection.  More salient objects are detected more easily.    Specific tactical instructions may increase or decrease the probability of detecting unexpected objects. Children up to 10 years old are particularly susceptible to missing unexpected objects. Extreme physical arousal can lead to more failures of awareness. IV. Importance of Broad Attention in Sports  Players need a broad focus of attention to make tactical decisions and integrate original solutions.  Recognizing unexpectedly unmarked players is essential.  Coaches' instructions, while helpful, can sometimes narrow players' focus of attention and reduce flexibility. V. Increasing the Number of Action Alternatives  The number of decision-making solutions increases with the number of game elements an athlete can attend to.  This enhances unpredictability for opponents and improves performance. VI. Conclusion  Failures of awareness are common in sports and everyday life.  Expertise, salience, instructions, and influence awareness.  A broad focus of attention and the ability to recognize unmarked players are essential for success in sports. tactical arousal