University:
California State University, Northridge
Course:
PSY 409 | Advanced Sport Psychology
Academic year:

2023
Views:

171

Pages:

2
Author:

Jithin J. I.

The Subliminal Impact on Penalty Kicks in Soccer I. Introduction  Understanding the Off-Center Effect: The subconscious influence on penalty kicks.  Subliminal Perception: How factors we don't consciously notice affect our actions.   Real-World Analysis: Study conducted by Noël et al. (2015) in a game-like context.  Participant Profile: Soccer players with at least 8 years of experience.  Goalkeeper Placement: Goalkeepers positioned in the middle of the goal, but not perfectly.  Perceptual Limitations: Due to human perception constraints, goalkeepers were slightly offcenter. III. Results of the Off-Center Effect The Subliminal Influence: Over 60% of penalty kicks were aimed at the side with more space, even the  Robust Impact: The off-center effect persisted despite various factors influencing penalty takers' decisions, such as personal preferences and past experiences.  Disconnection Between Perception and Action: A clear separation between conscious perception and penalty kick behavior. Research Focus: Examining the off-center effect in soccer penalty kicks and its implications. II. The Off-Center Effect in a Realistic Soccer Setting  when players believed goalkeeper was centered. IV. Exploring Goalkeeper-Dependent and Independent Strategies  Tactical Approaches: Examining the role of common strategies used by penalty takers and goalkeepers in relation to the offcenter effect.  Four Conditions: Participants were divided into four conditions: 1. Goalkeeper-dependent strategy with an early goalkeeper jump. 2. Goalkeeper-independent strategy with an early goalkeeper jump. 3. Goalkeeper-dependent strategy with a late goalkeeper jump. 4. Goalkeeper-independent strategy with a late goalkeeper jump.  The Off-Center Effect: Occurred independently of the goalkeeper's behavior when a goalkeeperindependent strategy was adopted.  Goalkeeper-Dependent Strategy: The off-center effect was only observed when the goalkeeper jumped late.  Impact of Goalkeeper Behavior: Early-jumping goalkeepers provided more relevant information, "overwriting" the starting point of the goalkeeper. V. Conclusion  The Subconscious GameChanger: Subliminal perception has a profound impact on penalty kicks in soccer.  Beyond Conscious Awareness: It affects player decisions despite their conscious perception.  Valuable Insight: Recognizing the off-center effect's strength and understanding its dynamics can enhance performance and strategy in soccer penalty kicks.