Animals Vertebrates

VERTEBRATES • Animals with backbone • Endoskeleton – internal skeleton 1. Mammals • almost all give birth to live young • nurse young with milk, take care of their young • have hair or fur • live on land or water • warm blooded • use lungs to breathe air (oxygen) 2. Birds • have feathers • breathe air with lungs • lay eggs with hard shells • most can fly • warm blooded • take care of their young • live on land, some spend time in water 3. Reptiles • have scales, dry skin • breathe air with lungs • almost all lay eggs that are leathery and flexible • cold blooded • do not take care of their young • crocodiles/alligators, turtles/tortoises, snakes, lizards 4. Amphibians • young live in water, adults live on land • go through a metamorphosis during their life cycle • smooth, moist, thin skin • lay jellylike eggs with no shells • young breathe with gills; adults breathe with lungs and skin • cold blooded • do not take care of their young • frogs/toads, salamanders/newt, caecilians 5. Fish • • • • live in water most have scales breathe oxygen in water with gills lay eggs without shells INVERTEBRATES • do not have a backbone 1. Arthropods • Have an exoskeleton- hard outer covering that protects the soft body parts inside • Lobsters, crabs, spiders, shrimp, insects • Have legs with joints, very flexible • Body divided into separate parts Animal Life Cycles • Simple metamorphosis 3 stages: egg, nymph, adult cricket, praying mantis, grasshopper • complete metamorphosis 4 stages: egg, larva, pupa, adult butterfly Comparing Plant and Animal Structures and Functions PLANTS PROTECTION SUPPORT bark, fruit stem or trunk TRANSPORT GAS EXCHANGE roots leaves ANIMALS skin, hair/fur, shells internal skeleton (endoskeleton) or external skeleton (exoskeleton) mouth Lungs or gills