Pathophysiology for Nursing: Cerebrum

Nowous System. CIS PNS Brain Spinal Cord. Somatic System. Aulonomic Entril Nervous System. Suster Sympathetic Nervous System. Parasympu NOWOW System. Cerebrum: *This is largest part 9 brain & il occupies the antorior and 9 inlilligance. midale cranial fossal Ils the scat It provides ability to read, write and speak to make calculations, compose music to the past plam for future. oumomb * Right and lyt hemisphere consists g an halus q an internal region of * Deepest grooves b/w folds arcbrum called Cereby ouben region of grey malt crebral while matth. called fissures, The shallowus grooms blw folds are Urmud Suki. The prominent fussin, longitudmal fissur, separabi the crebrum into right and lyt i.e Uncbral hemisphere, this hemisphere is connected internally by Corpous collosum. Lobos y Cacbrum: 1) Frontal 2) paricial 3. temporcu 4. Occipital. central sulcus separatis frontal lobe from parlukl lobe, major gyres precentral gyrus locales anterior to central sulcus, contains primary motor area 9 levebral corlex. Lalir al ancbral forter Sulcus from temporal lobe. separates frontal lobr * The 9th pani y Surface as i lobes, crebrum insula, in (anal cerebral i's not Sten in salcus dup to all Cerebral white mallis: it consists 9 in 13 types of myelinalia & non-myelin alia axons tracts. a) Association tract contains cxons that conduct now Impulses blw gyri in same humisphur. commissural tracts= contain axons that conduct nerve impulses frem gyri in onc cerebral hemisphure to correspondin guri in other cerebral hemisphine. c) Projection tracks contain axon , conclui nerve impuls, from corcbrum to lown panis of CNS or from lowur paris to curbrum. Exs interncu capsul Functions: * Mental activities involved in memory, intelligence, move sens, reasoning, thinking. * anitration & control q skeletal muscle contraction. * Sensory perception like paun, Functional arcas q senscodion, touch etc. Cerebral cor lex: * Motor which derict skeletal muscle movemenis. * Sensory, & orucunt & decode sensory impulsus unabling sensory perception. * Association & ane concerned unligration & processing of complex mental function like intellisans, memory, seasoning, judgemont & emotions. 1. Motor artas 9 cncbrcu cortex. 1. Primary motor area: They lis in bodus frontal lobe (ell Pyramid Shapra. They initial skillul muscle contraction. * In motor arca q urcbrum the body is ofopresented upside down ie the uppermost all controls the fut & finge *The size of areas of cortex representing dyf parts are proportional to complexity of mowmonis og body part * Brocas arca: (Anator speech]: is situale in frenical lobe just above the lateral sulcus & controls muscle morum int . Sensory arces 9 curbral cortex: 1- Somalo sensory →Sensation curea: Sitoalto behind control sulcus of pain, pressur, touch. * Somculosensory from left side aurea 9 right hemisphere oricines impuls of body & vice versa * The size 9 cartial corca suprison's diff parts of the body proportional to exlini q sensory uninvation. 2. Auditory (healing) arca: Et les below lala W Sulkus Recuvis & interpret impulses transmilled from imous con by cochlear pathway of vestibulocochie ca nirus 3. Olfactory wrea: * leis dup impulse from in temporal lobe Lurure nose is tranamilled vra olfactory nowe. Taste area: Lus just above lateral sulkus in dup layy Somalosensory anca . Visual area is behind poorcio-accipils sukus * includes grealor part of occipital lobe * Optic nowe pass from eys to this arca E reccius & interprets impulses as visual impression.