University:
Camosun College
Course:
BIOL 252 | Pathophysiology for Nursing 1
Academic year:

2024
Views:

116

Pages:

4
Author:

Aysha A.

MECHANISM OF COUGH. Stimulation q mechano-or chemoreceptors (throat, suspiratory passage or stretch suciptors in Lungs) Afferent impulses to cough contre (medulla) Efferent impulses via parasympathetic & motor nerves to diaphragm, intercoastal musck & ung Increased contraction of diaphragmatic & intercostal (ribs) 1 abdominal muxic noisy expiration (cough) CLASSIFICATION OF EXPECTORANT: 1. Directly acting expectorand: Acts durcetly as scretory/ills. Eg: Tumpun hydrati soclium / Potassium 2. Relési acting expectorant: Ad by initiating gastouie mucosa and then stimulati oruspiratory tract Eg: Armmonium Chloride / carbonat & potassium Joclide 3. Mucolytics: is teine Ambroxol, Acetyle cystans. Carbo- 4. Antitussive : Act by suppussing cough centres centrally a) Opioids : Morphine. b) Nen opioids: Rusxtromethorphame, Noscapine etc. Antihistamin Ad on histamine Juciptors 5. Eg: Chlorphenisamine, Diphenhydramine, Prumethazine Lozenger, Glycerin, Lunclus's NOTE ON AMMONIUM CHLORIDE 2014 Proporties: Molecular weight is 53.494C Colorless crystals / crystallin power, Taste: cool salime, Appearence hygroscopice morna Solubility fruly soluble in water & in glucorin. bow Sparingly soluble in alcohol. Oosc: 4-12gm daily orally. USE: used as mild divorctic, an expectorcunt, a recleucing agent & urine acidifying agent. мід пл IN COMBINATION: used to control a cough dissociated with cold or other ouspiratory illness Dietary supplement. PREPARATION: By neutralization HCl with ammonia NH3 + HCI ASSAY: sringrom weighed somuquantityn dossolved in water & HCHO solution is added Titrated with NaOH using phonob as indicator PREPARATION OF NHAU. 2. at mis also prepared by healing ammonium Sulphate cuelh Nacl 2 Nad + (NH4)2S0H 2NH3+ 2HCl + Naz 50H NH3 + HUNHHU PREPARATION 3. It is also prepard by treating ammonic gas ligjor with lime and liburated ammonia is passed into Hu solution. The woude wystalline mass q ammonium Chloride is Obtained which is SAL AMMONIAC. known as Expeclorani Expectorant one the drugs use in zumoval of suretions Axudate from trachca bronchi ΟΥ lungs t they core use in the treatment 9 cough... Eg: Nied and polassium Jodide. Mucolytics are mediuns that thin mucus, making it less thick and Sticky and wasin to cough up. Classification