University:
Camosun College
Course:
BIOL 252 | Pathophysiology for Nursing 1
Academic year:

2024
Views:

228

Pages:

3
Author:

Aysha A.

1. write note on impuritics in pharamaceutical substances with examples. Impurity is defined as any substance cocsisting cuth dhe original drug. The type and amount of impurity present in the chemical substances depends on suural factor: 1). Raw maturiculo used in the manufacture: abixoth pouloumony of shuborg Impurity associated with these chemicals may be carried through manufacturing Rock salt process and contaminate the final product. Eg: Black Solt Reagonts used in the manufacturing process: 2). If reagents used Thin the manufachoting process icure not completely romoved by washing, thuse may find entry into final product. Eg: Calla + Naz (03 caco3 + 2 Nach. 3. Process used in Manufacture Many Chemicals and drugs is manufactured from dyfirent raw material and inturmidiats by diffoient method cand processos. Eg: Pot bromide. 4. Chumicat process used in manufacture: During synthesis of the drug. many chemical reaction such as nitratior halogenation, oxidation, reduction ek are involved Eg: Potassium Iodide is manufactured from Jodine 5. Atmosphoric contamination during manufacturing process: In Industries arcas, atmosphere is contaminated with dust particles like aluminium exide and some gases like hydrogen sulphide, black smoke ctcong Eg: Sodum hydroxide absorbs atmospheric carbon dioxide.umont att ni brou duitatem wast Intvrmediate products in manufacturing process: Some times this intermediate, may be carried through to dhe impurity tow final product brau amoporst (8 Eg Potassium iodide is prepared by reacting iodin cuith potassium hydroxide. The susulling solution is foist, cvaporated to dryness and thon heated with charcoal. T 1- Defects in the mamefacturing process: M Impurfect mising, incompleteness, change in temperature, poussure etc which may yeild chemicals compounds cuith impurities in them. Eg Calo3, + 2HCl call +H₂Out CO₂ 8. Manufacturing Hazard: 9. Storage condition: Reaction with content material or occurance of changes in physical form of drug des to temperature. 10. Decomposition of product during Storage: Some substance decomposes on storing due to presence of light, cur, oxygen. Accidential substitution: 2. Define pharmacopia, and write important aspects of pharmacopic Pharmacopia is & book dfined as a list of medicinal substance book containing , drugs and formula for making preparation from thom. Pharppracopia consists of 3 main Paris: ✓ Introduction: It will point out to phooom a ceutical progess, since compare to last edition to shoωσ dhe addition / deletion or changes o curront edition. 2) Monograph: A drug of vegetable and animal Origin and on chemical suchstance used in medicines. 3) Appendics.