University:
Camosun College
Course:
BIOL 252 | Pathophysiology for Nursing 1
Academic year:

2024
Views:

110

Pages:

1
Author:

Aysha A.

Baroreflex Baroreceptors: Located in the carotid sinus and aortic arch. Carotid Sinus: Location: A small bulge on the common carotid artery (CCA) before it branches into the external carotid artery (ECA). Innervation: Carotid sinus is innervated by the glossopharyngeal nerve (IX). Aortic arch is innervated by the vagus nerve (X). Mechanism: Normal Blood Pressure: Blood flows with normal pressure, leading to no stretch in the elastic tissue of the blood vessels. Increased Blood Pressure: Causes stretching of the elastic tissue in the blood vessels, which activates the baroreceptors. Activation of Baroreceptors: Increased pressure: Stretching of baroreceptors leads to activation. Impulse Transmission: Impulses are carried by cranial nerves IX and X to the brainstem. The nucleus tractus solitarius (NTS) receives these signals. This results in activation of the vagal centers and inhibition of the sympathetic centers. Vagal Centers: Nucleus ambiguus Dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus Physiological Response: Decrease in heart rate (↓ HR) Decrease in blood pressure (↓ BP) Overall decrease in mean arterial pressure (↓ MAP)