Blood Typing and Transfusions Analysis & Interpretation SU2022 Student Answer Sheet Identify the Blood Types Shown Below; be sure to include where the blood type is Rh positive or negative in your answer: 1. 2. 3. 4. A+ B+ AB+ O- Review Questions (All answers can be found in the lab material provided. Warning, do not google the answers!) 1. List 3 materials that blood is responsible for transporting through the body. oxygen, carbon dioxide, nutrients 2. How much blood does an adult have circulating the body? 4 to 6 liters 3. What is the function of red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets? Red blood cells are responsible for transporting oxygen and remove carbon dioxide. White blood cells are also present in the plasma, and are responsible for fighting infections. Platelets are present in the plasma. Platelets assist the blood to clot, and therefore stop any bleeding when an injury or cut occurs. 4. What is the difference in antigens between Type A, Type B, Type AB, and Type O blood types? There are two different types of antigens, Type A and Type B, and each type is slightly different in shape. There are 4 human blood types depending on the combination of Type A or Type B antigens on the red blood cells. Type A has only Type A antigens, Type B has only Type B antigens, Type AB has both Type A and B, and Type O has neither Type A nor B 5. What is the difference between Type A+ and Type A-? The Rh factor. If your blood is A+, it means that your blood contains type-A antigens 6. What genotype(s) could a person with Type AB blood have? What about Type B? Genotype for Type AB person is AB. Genotypes for Type B person are BO, and BB 7. What are antibodies, and how do they interact with antigens? Antibodies are produced by in response to antigens. Antibodies fight what the body believes are dangerous such as bacteria and viruses (antigens) 8. Why is it important to match the blood types of donors and patients during blood transfusions? To avoid transfusion related reactions, the body could reject the blood due to the chemical or physical characteristics of blood components 9. Why are Type O and Type AB “special” when it comes to blood transfusions? Use the terms antigen and antibody in your explanation. Blood type O is considered the universal donor, because there are no antigens on the blood cells. Type AB has no antibodies, therefore, has no reaction to both A and B cells, thus is considered a universal recipient because there are no antibodies on the plasma. 10. Could a person with Type B blood safely receive Type A blood? Explain. no because type B has anti-A antibodies 11. Could a person with Type A blood safely receive Type O blood? Explain. yes, because type O has no surface antigens that could trigger an immune response 12. Why is it important to have a blood transfusion of the exact type match? to establish compatibility between the blood and the intended recipient. If the patient receives the wrong blood it could cause a problem and the patients body would reject the blood 13. Could a man with Type O be the father of a Type AB child? Explain. A man with type O blood would not be able to produce a child with type AB blood regardless of the mother's blood type. Because the child receives one part from the mother and the other from the father the child would have to have on part blood type O 14. Could a Type B child with a Type A mother have a Type A father? Explain. No, a child with blood type B would not be a result of parents with type A blood because one of the parents would have to have type b blood 15. Complete the following table: If necessary, you may put your answers below the table. Blood Group A B AB O Antigens on red blood cells A B A and B None Antibodies in plasma Can receive blood from Can give blood to Anti-B Anti-A None Anti-A Anti-B O, A O, B O, A, B, AB O A and AB B, AB AB O, A, B, AB