TEAS Prep Notes - Cardiovascular System

Cardiac StructureAtria: recieve blood returning to the healt from the bodyllungsventricles: collect & expel blood from the heartBlood vessel FlowAurta Arteries-> capillaries ->venuies->veiner card vena*Right & leftArteries: High pressure, strong. thickcoronary AnteriesThousenblad returns backto the heartsmouth muscle, moves bloodaway from heartAnteriores: : small branches of arteriesRightlingAorticandCapillaries: smallest blood vessels,found in lympht lungs ereSuperiorAmericaLeftreins: low pressure, thin venaAortic semilyhar valvewingsmooth muscle, have cava:Otains headvalves to prevent& thorax & upperbucketonlimbsRightpulmonary veins from lungsAtriumQinferior VenaLeftAtriumcava: drainsPulmonary semilunar valuelower body(closes at the end ofventricular contractionlargest artery: AcertaLargest veir: interior vena CavaLeftmittal I Bicuspid valveRightleft Atricventricular valveouter layer: Epicardiumventride(closes during ventricularmiddlelayer. myocardiumcontractioninner layer EndocardiumTricuspid valve/has the highest pressureRight Atrioventricularvalve (closedduring ventricularmuscleofcontractionmmyocardium-madePapillansmuscles holdchordaetendinaeAV valve closedinterventricular septum/superior vena cava , Right AtriumTricuspid valveDeoxygenated blood purmonary inferior Semilunar valve Pumonary Arteries Right /Left LungRightventriclePumanany veinsLeftAtriummitral valveleft ventriaeoxygenated bloodArteriesnortaRestofthevalve>semilianarcoronaryBodyAOMICcycle continuesveginalon Conduction System of the Heartmasymphathetic:Branch of vagus (C.N.X)Sinatrial Node (Pace maker)Ach released and bind\to cholinegic receptorscells are autorhytmicgenerate an Action PotentialHyperpolarizes myocardial cens tow/o nervous input. ~75beats/minHR and contractilityprevents signal from2Atnoventricular note (Avnade)reaching ventriclesSympbashetic NeuronFrom Spinal cord,cells are also autorhythmicreleases NE binds tousually just obey SA node,B. adrenergic receptors"Heart Block" if damagedAV Bundle&RightLeft3(Bundle of His)SAtriumbAtrium- autorhythmic, 40-60 beats/minV4Bundle BranchesS Purvinje Fibersleftultimately Atria contractRightisventriclefirst, FOLLOWED byVentricleventricles (contract fromBlood pressurebottom up to squeezeHeart Beatblood up & outconducting cells in the heart ofit Ach = slows heart beatSystole = contraction ventriclesVNE = speeds heart beatDiastole RelaxationAtrial systole moves blood ventricles intoImbalances at system&relaxedinfraction: Heart attackventricular systole= Pume or pulmonary blood pressure into artery aortes of contraction once opens the somilynarstoke: Damage to brain due to inadequateblood supplytheElectro cardiogram (ECG)Anemia Not enough RBCS"electrical heart writingstake cell: Irregular shapedABCSQRS ventricles aThumbecytopenas. excessive bleeding due toFew plateletsAtriaDepolarizeHyper/Hypotension: High/Low Blood PressureEmbolus: Plaque or clotted bloodAneurysm: weak spot on blood vesselPwaveTwave02345Altherosclerosis: Plague buildups narrowing ofarteriesTimeDue to highArrhythmia: Abnormal Heart rhythmNormal Heart Beat=Polassium-Tachycardia: Fast Heart rhythm60 - 100 beats 1mnHeart morner= infection-Bradycardia: slow Heart thythmof the valvesangestive heart failure: heart no longerpumps blood efrectively. ardiovascular System I SummaryNewssystonc blood pressureventrictas forcea to from? of IsandWIR.ALATHEBicuspidTricispidLofManagementprevent backflow whenDEPARTMENTL.V.ventricles contract1.0PQRSTConduction SystemStateSinoatrial node (SA)PwaveDepot ofEAtrioverjinicular node (AV)amaTime8secE.GG (electrocardiogram)Bundle of HisQKS complexdepolShows electrical currentBundle Branchesofthrough heart in onebeat.Parkinje FibersventriclesThe heart is autorhyth mic, which means it can beatonHSownHowever, parasympathetic nerves deliverAchto slow it down.Sympathetic nerves deliverNEto speed it up.Hormones like Epinepherine and thyroadne can also speed itup.Grder of structuresaremostArteries &veinscapillaries lacksmooth muscleconstrietz dilate american blood regulateSmooth muscle surrounds most vessas-clottingmakeFactorsplateletsC6th206clump0000Nutrients080H2O isThrombocytes907.00aErythrocytesplasma(RBCS)Leukocutes(PlateletsHormonescarryoxygen02 102 (WBCs)Bloodnemoglobin hasFight infection againstclotting,YYYY AntibodiesoIron that bindsinvaderscalcium isto O21 measuredimportant bloodforby Hematoon'tclottingmost abundantions inAble to leaveextracelluar find:Endothelialblood @ woundinfection siteSodiumcells(simple squamous)epithelialTissue cell533* charasterol in the blood helpw rays convert to vitamin D