Biological Molecules Atomic Properties Practice

“Biological Molecule Practice Quiz” Atomic Properties 1. Draw and label a diagram of an atom. Include the following parts:  Nucleus  Neutrons  Protons  Electron cloud (i.e., valence shells, energy levels, etc.)  Electrons 2. Give three examples of molecules and elements. 3. Define or diagram a covalent bond. 4. Explain the relationship between valence electrons and chemical bonds. 5. In the diagram to the right each dash represents a pair of shared electrons in the outer shell, and each dot represents unshared electron in the outer shell. Recall that atoms can hold two electrons in their first shell and eight in all shells outside the first. Note, that Hydrogen has 1e-, Carbon has 6e-, Nitrogen has 7e- and Oxygen has 8 e-. Explain any similarities and differences you observe in the way C, H, O, N bond. 6. Create a molecule composed of C, H, O, and N. Arrange the atoms so that each has a full outer shell. The atomic number of Hydrogen is 1, Carbon is 6, Oxygen is 8 and Nitrogen is 7. Biological Molecules 7. Explain the structure and function of the four classes of biological molecules (Carbohydrates, Lipids, Nucleic Acids, and Proteins).  Categorize each of the molecules below as a carbohydrate, nucleic acid, lipid, or protein and describe each example’s function. a. Insulin d. Lactose g. Cholesterol b. Hemoglobin e. Glucose h. Phospholipids c. Lactase f. DNA 8. Examine the molecular structure of the biological molecules on the back of the page to list the (4) most common elements found in biological molecule and thus life on Earth. 9. Describe the role of an enzyme and explain the relationship between the shape and function of an enzyme. 10. List the changes in an enzymes environment may alter its function? 11. Compare and contrast proteins and nucleic acids. 12. Compare and contrast carbohydrates and lipids. 13. Compare and contrast dehydration synthesis and hydrolysis. a. Give a specific example of how a monomer can used to build a polymer. b. Give a specific example of how a polymer can be broken down into monomers. 14. Carbohydrates can be classified as monosaccharides, disaccharides or polysaccharides. Describe the similarities and differences between each type of carbohydrate. 15. If a protein is made of 937 monomers, what molecules will result from the complete hydrolyzation of the biological molecule? 16. Label each monomer the back side and tell which polymer is formed from the dehydration synthesis of the monomer. 16-A 16-B 16-C 16-D 16-E 16-F 16-G 16-H