Chapter 8 Family History and Pedigree Construction

. Chapter 8: Family History and Pedigree Construction ____ 1. What is the primary purpose of a pedigree? A. To identify family members’ places within a kindred and describe their medical history. ____ 2. Why is a pedigree considered an “unstable” product? D. The health of living family members continues to evolve. ____ 3. What is the significance of a horizontal dashed line drawn between a male and a female? B. The individuals have a casual sexual relationship and are not married. ____ 4. What is the best way to ensure completeness and accuracy in constructing a pedigree? D. Using a template for drawing the symbols. ____ 5. In the acronym “SCREEN” for formulating questions to ask that may indicate a heritable trait or ____ 6. Which issue is considered a “red flag” for the need for referral to a genetics professional? D. The presence of neurodevelopmental disorders in one or more members of the health problem, what does the second “E” signify? A. The ethnicity of family members kindred ____ 7. When constructing a pedigree around a specific health problem, what is the minimal number of ____ 8. What does a double horizontal line between a circle symbol and a square symbol as the only line ____ 9. Lois has Alzheimer’s disease. She and her daughter Linda provided care for Lois’s mother Leona generations needed to accurately assess the presence or absence of a genetic factor in disease development? C. Three directly connecting two individuals signify on a pedigree? B. The individuals are related by blood. when she had severe Alzheimer’s disease. Now Linda, age 57, is showing signs of impaired memory. Linda’s daughter Lucy is pregnant with her first child and has contacted a genetic counselor to discuss Alzheimer’s risk in her family. Who in this family is the proband? D. Lucy ____ 10. Which activity would a general registered nurse be expected to perform as part of genomic care? C. Obtaining an accurate family history and physical assessment data ____ 11. Which demographic information could have an important influence on susceptibility to disorders that have a strong genetic component? A. Ethnicity ____ 12. What is the significance of a pedigree symbol consisting of a square with a diagonal slash mark through it? D. Deceased male ____ 13. Why is a legend necessary when constructing a pedigree that includes a health history? D. Health problems do not have standard symbols. ____ 14. How are Punnett squares and pedigrees different? B. Punnett squares represent genotypes, and pedigrees represent phenotypes. ____ 15. What is the risk for disease expression among the offspring of a woman who has an autosomal- recessive disorder when her partner is a carrier for the same disorder? B. All children have a 50% risk for being affected and a 50% risk for being a carrier. ____ 16. Which observations in a pedigree indicate a probable autosomal-dominant (AD) trait transmission? A. Affected males and females appear in every generation. ____ 17. Marjory tells a nurse that she has three aunts with cancer. The two on her father’s side were diagnosed with breast and ovarian cancers at ages 42 and 36. She also has one aunt on her mother’s side who was diagnosed with breast cancer at age 70. Marjory asks if she should have genetic testing. What should the nurse tell her? D. “Your family history may indicate an increased risk for breast cancer, and a genetic counselor could help determine whether you could benefit from genetic testing.” ____ 18. A man with syndactyly, an autosomal-dominant condition, has one child who also has syndactyly. His unaffected wife states, “Because the risk for having a child with this problem is 50% and our first child has the problem, the next child will not be affected.” What is the best response to this statement? A. “That is not quite true because the risk is 50% with each pregnancy, so with all future children, you would have a 50% risk.” ____ 19. Which pair of relatives represents a first-degree relationship? C. Sister and brother ____ 20. How are twins indicated on a pedigree? C. The vertical lines to each twin begin at the same point on the parents’ horizontal mating line