Abnormal Treatment MC Practice Questions

Please answer the questions below….83 questions total….should take you 50-60 minutes! 1. Psychological disorders that researchers believe are learned, such as phobias, are most likely to be treated with A) meta-analysis. B) psychotherapy. C) aversive conditioning. D) psychoanalysis. E) transference. 2. A trained therapist who uses psychological techniques to assist someone to overcome excessive anxiety would generally be best described as a A) psychoanalyst. B) psychotherapist. C) psychopharmacologist. D) psychodynamic therapist. E) psychostructuralist. 3. Which of the following best illustrates a form of psychotherapy? A) systematic desensitization B) electroconvulsive therapy C) psychosurgery D) rTMS E) psychopharmacology 4. Schizophrenia is a disorder that is MOST likely to be treated with A) biomedical therapies. B) behavior therapies. C) psychoanalysis. D) cognitive therapies. E) humanistic therapies. 1/21 5. Mental health therapies that involve prescribed drugs or other procedures that act directly on a patient's nervous system are A) cognitive therapies. B) behavior therapies. C) biomedical therapies. D) psychodynamic therapies. E) exposure therapies. 6. Dr. Byrne is a clinical psychologist who often uses operant conditioning techniques to treat her clients. She also encourages them to modify their thought patterns, and on occasion she interprets their transference behaviors. Dr. Byrne's therapeutic approach would best be described as A) client-centered. B) meta-analytic. C) psychoanalytic. D) behavioral. E) eclectic. 10. Mr. Choi's therapist wants to help him become aware of his conflicting childhood feelings of love and hate for his parents. The therapist's goal best reflects a primary aim of A) client-centered therapy. B) cognitive therapy. C) psychoanalysis. D) systematic desensitization. E) operant conditioning techniques. 11. Sigmund Freud introduced a form of psychotherapy known as A) counterconditioning. B) active listening. C) cognitive therapy. D) psychoanalysis. E) psychosexual fixation. 2/21 13. Freud's techniques and assumptions are most evident in today's A) behavior therapies. B) psychodynamic therapies. C) biomedical therapies. D) cognitive therapies. E) humanistic therapies. 16. Psychoanalytic techniques are designed primarily to help patients A) focus on their immediate conscious feelings. B) feel more trusting toward others. C) become aware of their repressed conflicts and impulses. D) develop greater self-esteem. E) overcome negative conditioned behaviors. 18. Free association involves the A) expression toward a therapist of feelings linked with earlier relationships. B) therapeutic interpretation of a client's unconscious conflicts. C) repeated association of a relaxed state with anxiety-arousing stimuli. D) uncensored reporting of any thoughts that come to mind. E) replacement of a negative response to a harmless stimulus with a positive response. 22. According to Freud, a patient's hesitation to free associate is most likely a sign of A) transference. B) the placebo effect. C) resistance. D) spontaneous recovery. E) meta-analysis. 25. Psychoanalysts would suggest that resistance during therapy supports and maintains the process of A) meta-analysis. 3/21 B) transference. C) free association. D) dream interpretation. E) repression. 26. Just as Austin began telling his therapist about a painful childhood experience, he complained of a headache and abruptly ended the session. A psychoanalyst would most likely suggest that Austin's behavior is an example of A) fixation. B) resistance. C) transference. D) counterconditioning. E) tardive dyskinesia. 29. Psychoanalytic interpretation is designed to promote A) transference. B) meta-analysis. C) systematic desensitization. D) insight. E) resilience. 30. An important component of psychoanalysis is A) active listening. B) dream analysis. C) spontaneous recovery. D) systematic desensitization. E) unconditional positive regard. 31. To understand his patients' repressed conflicts, Freud sought to identify the ________ of their dreams. A) neurogenesis B) virtual reality C) latent content 4/21 D) spontaneous recovery E) systematic desensitization 32. The expression toward a therapist of feelings linked with earlier relationships is known as A) transference. B) resistance. C) meta-analysis. D) the therapeutic alliance. E) fixation. 34. Psychoanalysts are most likely to view patient transference as A) a symptom of depression. B) a sign of healthy personality development. C) a helpful aid to the process of therapy. D) evidence that no further therapy is needed. E) a conditioned response. 38. Which form of therapy is most likely to be criticized for offering interpretations that cannot be proven or disproven? A) client-centered therapy B) psychoanalysis C) cognitive-behavioral therapy D) systematic desensitization E) psychopharmacology 40. Which form of therapy is most likely to be criticized for being too expensive and time-consuming? A) systematic desensitization B) family therapy C) client-centered therapy D) psychoanalysis E) cognitive therapy 5/21 43. Psychodynamic therapies try to understand patients' current symptoms by focusing on recurring patterns in their A) interpersonal relationships. B) conditioned behaviors. C) eating habits and drug use. D) self-blaming explanations. E) childhood experiences. 44. Nate's past relationships with his mother, his former wife, and his previous employer have been characterized by common patterns of resentment and emotional detachment. Helping Nate gain insight into these recurring relationship patterns would be of greatest concern to a A) behavior therapist. B) biomedical therapist. C) psychodynamic therapist. D) humanistic therapist. E) psychopharmacologist. 48. Interpersonal therapy focuses primarily on helping people to A) stop blaming themselves for their failures. B) associate relaxation with stressful circumstances. C) improve their relationship skills. D) understand the origins of their conflicts. E) reduce harmful levels of serotonin. 50. The psychoanalytic and humanistic therapies are often referred to as A) behavior therapies. B) biomedical therapies. C) insight therapies. D) eclectic therapies. E) exposure therapies. 6/21 53. Humanistic therapists are most likely to A) encourage clients to carefully observe the consequences of their maladaptive behaviors. B) focus special attention on clients' positive and negative feelings toward their therapists. C) emphasize the importance of self-awareness for psychological adjustment. D) use a wide variety of psychological theories and therapeutic methods. E) help clients identify a hierarchy of anxiety-arousing experiences. 54. Carl Rogers is known for the development of A) therapeutic touch. B) the token economy. C) cognitive therapy. D) client-centered therapy. E) systematic desensitization. 55. Humanistic therapists are likely to teach clients to A) focus more on other people's feelings than on their own. B) adapt more readily to social norms and expectations. C) imitate the behavior of others who are happy and successful. D) take more responsibility for their own feelings and actions. E) substitute healthy rewards for unhealthy ones. 56. Which therapeutic approach relies most heavily on patients' discovering their own ways of effectively dealing with their difficulties? A) psychoanalysis B) cognitive therapy C) systematic desensitization D) client-centered therapy E) meta-analysis 57. During a marriage counseling session, the therapist suggests to Mr. and Mrs. Gallo that they each restate their spouse's comments before making their own. The therapist was applying a technique most closely associated with 7/21 A) EMDR. B) psychoanalysis. C) cognitive-behavioral therapy. D) systematic desensitization. E) client-centered therapy. 58. Instead of focusing on the cure of psychological disorders, ________ therapies seek to promote personal growth and self-fulfillment. A) psychodynamic B) biomedical C) behavior D) humanistic E) eclectic 61. As a psychotherapist, Dr. Buist does not analyze people's motives or diagnose the nature of their difficulties because he believes that they are in the best position to diagnose and solve their own problems. Dr. Buist's position is most characteristic of ________ therapy. A) cognitive B) psychoanalytic C) operant conditioning D) client-centered E) biomedical 62. Which of the following is considered to be the most nondirective form of therapy? A) client-centered therapy B) cognitive therapy C) psychoanalysis D) systematic desensitization E) cognitive-behavioral therapies 63. An important feature of client-centered therapy is A) interpretation. 8/21 B) systematic desensitization. C) transference. D) free association. E) active listening. 64. When Murli told his therapist, “I came to see what you could do for me,” the therapist responded, “It sounds like you're feeling you need some help. Am I right?” The therapist's response illustrates the technique of A) meta-analysis. B) transference. C) free association. D) active listening. E) systematic desensitization. 65. Carl Rogers referred to a caring, nonjudgmental attitude as A) active listening. B) free association. C) unconditional positive regard. D) positive reinforcement. E) resilience. 67. The healing power of insight and self-awareness is LEAST likely to be emphasized by ________ therapists. A) cognitive B) psychoanalytic C) behavior D) humanistic E) cognitive-behavioral 69. Psychological research on the principles of learning has most directly influenced the development of A) psychoanalysis. B) behavior therapy. 9/21 C) humanistic therapy. D) psychodynamic therapy. E) cognitive therapy. 70. Cindy suggested that her nail biting might be a symptom of unconscious resentment toward her parents. Her therapist chuckled and said, “No, Cindy, your problem isn't unconscious hostility; your problem is nail biting.” Cindy's therapist sounds most like a ________ therapist. A) behavior B) humanistic C) cognitive D) psychoanalytic E) insight 71. In classical conditioning therapies, maladaptive symptoms are usually considered to be A) unconditioned stimuli. B) conditioned stimuli. C) unconditioned responses. D) conditioned responses. E) neutral stimuli. 73. A procedure that trains people to make new responses to stimuli that currently trigger unwanted responses is called A) light exposure therapy. B) transference. C) counterconditioning. D) unconditional positive regard. E) resistance. 74. Two counterconditioning techniques for replacing unwanted responses include A) systematic desensitization and free association. B) spontaneous recovery and stress inoculation training. C) unconditional positive regard and transference. 10/21 D) aversive conditioning and exposure therapy. E) token economy and meta-analysis. 75. Benny's mother tries to reduce his fear of sailing by giving the 3-year-old his favorite candy as soon as they board the boat. The mother's strategy best illustrates A) counterconditioning. B) cognitive therapy. C) transference. D) aversive conditioning. E) the placebo effect. 76. Counterconditioning techniques were derived from principles first developed by A) Aaron Beck. B) Ivan Pavlov. C) Carl Rogers. D) B. F. Skinner. E) Sigmund Freud. 78. Which of the following techniques is derived from classical conditioning principles? A) the token economy B) systematic desensitization C) stress inoculation training D) ECT E) transference 79. Repeatedly introducing people to things they fear and avoid is most characteristic of A) stress inoculation training. B) exposure therapies. C) behavior modification. D) rTMS. E) tardive dyskinesia. 11/21 80. In 1924, Mary Cover Jones reported that 3-year-old Peter lost his fear of rabbits when a rabbit was repeatedly presented while Peter was eating a tasty snack. This episode best illustrated the potential usefulness of A) stress inoculation training. B) exposure therapies. C) aversive conditioning. D) free association. E) the placebo effect. 81. The counterconditioning technique developed by Mary Cover Jones was refined by A) Sigmund Freud. B) Joseph Wolpe. C) Aaron Beck. D) Egas Moniz. E) Carl Rogers. 82. Systematic desensitization is a form of ________, which is a type of ________. A) facilitated communication; interpersonal psychotherapy B) stress inoculation training; biomedical therapy C) free association; cognitive therapy D) counterconditioning; behavior therapy E) insight therapy; psychodynamic therapy 93. With ________, the therapist replaces a fearful response with a relaxation response. A) systematic desensitization B) free association C) aversive conditioning D) transference E) meta-analysis 85. Systematic desensitization involves 12/21 A) depriving a client access to an addictive drug. B) associating unwanted behaviors with unpleasant experiences. C) replacing a positive response to a harmful stimulus with a negative response. D) associating a pleasant relaxed state with anxiety-arousing stimuli. E) vigorously challenging clients' illogical ways of thinking. 84. A token economy is to operant conditioning as ________ is to classical conditioning. A) systematic desensitization B) group therapy C) electroconvulsive therapy D) free association E) drug therapy 90. The construction of an anxiety hierarchy and training in relaxation are important aspects of A) biomedical therapy. B) aversive conditioning. C) systematic desensitization. D) interpersonal psychotherapy. E) stress inoculation training. 94. Gina is so fearful of taking tests for her AP courses that she experiences mild anxiety when registering for an AP course, intense anxiety when studying for a test, and extreme anxiety when answering actual test questions. Her greatest fear, however, is experienced while waiting for a teacher to hand out tests. During the process of systematically desensitizing her test anxiety, the therapist is likely to ask Gina first to imagine A) answering questions on a test. B) waiting for a teacher to hand out tests. C) studying for a test. D) registering for an AP course. E) receiving an A on a test. 95. Virtual reality exposure therapy is most likely to prove effective in the treatment of 13/21 A) personality disorders. B) hallucinations. C) obsessions. D) depression. E) phobias. 99. Which of the following is a form of counterconditioning? A) unconditional positive regard B) stress inoculation training C) virtual reality exposure therapy D) free association E) psychoanalysis 100. In which form of therapy is unwanted behavior systematically associated with unpleasant experiences? A) electroconvulsive therapy B) systematic desensitization C) eclectic therapy D) cognitive therapy E) aversive conditioning 105. To treat nail biting, one can paint a patient's fingernails with a bitter-tasting nail polish. This procedure best illustrates A) free association. B) light exposure therapy. C) stress inoculation training. D) aversive conditioning. E) systematic desensitization. 108. To help Claire quit smoking, a therapist delivers an electric shock to her arm each time she smokes a cigarette. The therapist is using A) aversive conditioning. 14/21 B) systematic desensitization. C) electroconvulsive therapy. D) cognitive therapy. E) EMDR. 103. Systematic desensitization involves replacing a negative response with a positive response, whereas ________ involves replacing a positive response with a negative response. A) transference B) operant conditioning C) aversive conditioning D) electroconvulsive therapy E) resistance 110. In a therapeutic setting, a client who wants to lose weight eats some favorite foods laced with a nausea-producing drug. Yet, outside the therapist's office, the client knows he or she can eat those foods without fear of nausea. This awareness contributes to the limited effectiveness of A) spontaneous recovery. B) aversive conditioning. C) client-centered therapy. D) the double-blind procedure. E) exposure therapy. 112. The practice of ________ is based on the application of operant conditioning principles. A) unconditional positive regard B) systematic desensitization C) free association D) behavior modification E) psychoanalysis 113. Therapists practice ________ by using positive reinforcers to reward closer and closer approximations of a desired behavior. A) free association 15/21 B) progressive relaxation C) behavior modification D) unconditional positive regard E) insight therapy 116. What would be most helpful for encouraging adults with intellectual disability to make their beds every morning? A) cognitive therapy B) aversive conditioning C) a token economy D) systematic desensitization E) free association 117. Systematic desensitization is to classical conditioning as ________ is to operant conditioning. A) aversive conditioning B) therapeutic touch C) a token economy D) psychosurgery E) EMDR 118. The approach that has helped children with autism learn to function successfully in school involves A) operant conditioning. B) systematic desensitization. C) the double-blind procedure. D) family therapy. E) aversive conditioning. 119. Which of the following is most often criticized for violating clients' rights to personal freedom and self-determination? A) psychoanalysis B) cognitive therapy C) client-centered therapy 16/21 D) behavior modification E) EMDR 123. To encourage Mrs. Coleman, a withdrawn schizophrenia patient, to be more socially active, institutional staff members give her small plastic cards whenever she talks to someone. She is allowed to exchange these cards for candy and cigarettes. Staff members are making use of A) active listening. B) systematic desensitization. C) a token economy. D) free association. E) classical conditioning. 124. Proponents of behavior modification have suggested that institutionalized patients can be weaned from ________ by shifting them to other rewards common to life outside an institution. A) drug therapy B) a token economy C) the therapeutic alliance D) a 12-step approach E) exposure therapy 127. Which therapeutic approach emphasizes that people are often disturbed because of their negative interpretations of events? A) drug therapy B) client-centered therapy C) systematic desensitization D) cognitive therapy E) light exposure therapy 129. Cognitive therapists are most likely to emphasize that emotional disturbances result from A) self-blaming and overgeneralized explanations of bad events. B) chemical abnormalities within the brain. C) overly permissive child-rearing practices. 17/21 D) poverty, unemployment, racism, and sexism. E) repressed, unconscious wishes and desires resulting in fixations. 130. Several years after his wife's death, Mr. Stattler remains incapacitated by feelings of guilt and sadness. To reduce Mr. Stattler's depression, a therapist is actively encouraging him to stop blaming himself for not being able to prevent his wife's death. The therapist's approach is most representative of A) systematic desensitization. B) psychoanalysis. C) cognitive therapy. D) client-centered therapy. E) behavior therapy. 133. Persuading depressed patients to reverse their catastrophizing beliefs about themselves and their futures is most characteristic of A) Rogers' client-centered therapy. B) Beck's cognitive therapy. C) Wolpe's exposure therapy. D) Freud's psychoanalysis. E) Skinner's aversive therapy. 136. Cognitive therapists are most likely to encourage depressed clients to A) sense and express their own real moment-to-moment feelings of depression. B) carefully observe the negative consequences of their depression. C) take more personal responsibility for their own negative feelings and actions. D) stop blaming themselves for negative circumstances beyond their control. E) identify a hierarchy of anxiety-arousing experiences. 137. Dylan is a second-year undergraduate who feels so incompetent that he believes his life is worthless and hopeless. Dylan would profit the most from A) Jones' counterconditioning. B) Wolpe's systematic desensitization. C) Beck's cognitive therapy. 18/21 D) Shapiro's EMDR. E) Freud's psychoanalysis. 144. In one study, people were taught to attribute their compulsive urges to abnormal brain functioning. Instead of giving in to an urge, they participated in an alternative activity that engaged other parts of the brain. This strategy for dealing with their difficulty best illustrates A) systematic desensitization. B) cognitive-behavior therapy. C) EMDR. D) psychodynamic therapy. E) humanistic therapy. 145. Dr. Jackson reinforces depressed patients for their participation in pleasant activities and trains them to take increasingly more credit for the rewards they gain from engaging in those activities. Dr. Jackson's treatment approach best illustrates A) exposure therapy. B) client-centered therapy. C) psychodynamic therapy. D) cognitive-behavioral therapy. E) free association. 146. Which form of therapy is most likely to emphasize the importance of examining a person's role within a social system? A) systematic desensitization B) cognitive therapy C) psychoanalysis D) family therapy E) client-centered therapy 147. A useful feature of group therapy is that it A) ensures that therapists will become more emotionally involved in clients' real-life problems. B) eliminates the possibility that clients will experience anxiety during therapy. C) encourages clients to improve their communication skills. 19/21 D) enables severely disturbed individuals to quickly regain normal social functioning. E) enhances the benefits of counterconditioning. 152. To help Mrs. Otsuki lose weight, her therapist first attempted to assess whether her weight loss might be personally threatening to her husband. The therapist's concern is most characteristic of a A) eclectic therapist. B) biomedical therapist. C) client-centered therapist. D) family therapist. E) psychoanalyst. 153. Most self-help and support groups focus on ______ illnesses. A) childhood B) terminal C) stress-induced D) stigmatized E) biomedical 154. A famous 12-step program is associated with A) EMDR. B) ECT. C) rTMS. D) AA. E) DSM. 155. Many self-help groups have emulated the use of ________ by Alcoholics Anonymous. A) free association B) progressive relaxation C) a 12-step program D) systematic desensitization E) a token economy 20/21 21/21