Weekly Task Digestive System In Curd Animals Breed

Weekly Task : Explain digestive system in curd animals breed! Ruminant animals (ruminants) are pure herbivorous animals, for example cows, buffalo and goats. It is called a ruminant animal because it chews or chews its food in two phases. The first is when the food enters the mouth. The food is not chewed until it is smooth and continues to be swallowed. After some time the food is brought back into the mouth to be chewed until smooth. The food of ruminant animals is grass or plants. Plant cells are composed of cellulose material which is difficult to digest. Because of this type of food, animals chew Breeds have a digestive system with a special structure which is different from carnivorous and omnivorous animals. The digestive tract of ruminant animals consists of: the following organs. 1. Oral Cavity (Cavum Oris) The teeth contained in the oral cavity are different fromother mammals in the following cases. a. The incisors (insisivus) have a shape suitable forpinching food in the form of plants such as grass b. Canines (caninus) are not developed. c. The back molars (molare) are flat and wide. Food that is snatched quickly with the help of the tonguechewed and mixed with saliva in the mouth, thenswallowed into the stomach through the esophagus. 2. Esophagus The esophagus is a connecting channel between the cavities (Esophagus)mouth with stomach. Here the digestive process does not occur.The esophagus in cattle is very short and wide, and more capableenlarge (dilate). The esophagus has thin walls and varies in length, estimated at around 5 cm. 3. Gastric The stomach has an important role in storingtemporary food that will be chewed again (a second time).Apart from that, there is also a rotting process in the stomach fermentation. The ruminant stomach consists of four chambers, namely: a. b. c. d. rumen(big stomach/muscular stomach),reticulum (mesh stomach), omasum(book belly), abomasum(glandular stomach/sour stomach). The size of the room varies according to age and natural food. Rumen capacity 80%, reticulum 5%,omasum 7–8%, and abomasum 7–8%.First the food enters the rumen. The food enters the stomach and is mixed with saliva alkali so that it provides an alkaline atmosphere with a pH of ± 8.5. Next, the process takes place in the cow's stomach digestion as follows. a. Rumen The rumen functions as a temporary warehouse for swallowed food. Once the rumen is sufficiently filled with food,cow resting. In the rumen there is a population of bacteriaand Protozoa. These microorganisms produce enzymes that break down polysaccharides, for example enzymes: hydrolase, amylase, oligosaccharase, glycosidase, and cellulase enzymes which functions to break down cellulose. aside from thatThere are enzymes that break down proteins, namely enzymes proteolytic; and fat-digesting enzymes. b. Reticulum In the reticulum the food is stirred then mixed with enzymes produced by bacteria there, until finally it becomes lumps still rough (bolus). Stirring is done by contraction reticulum wall muscles. Then, the lump of food is pushed back into the mouth to be chewed more perfect (chewed a second time), while resting. rAfter that, the swallowed lump of food goes back into the omasumpass through the rumen and reticulum. c. Omasum Inside the omasum there are glands that produce enzymes that will mix with the bolus. Food made even finer in the omasum. Water content of the food is reduced (water absorption occurs),then the food lump is passed onto the abomasum. d. Abomasum In the abomasum, food is digested again with the help of enzymes and acids chloride. The abomasum is the stomach actually, because this is where digestion occurs actually chemically by enzymes digestion. Enzymes secreted by the walls of the abomasum are the same as those present in the stomachs of other mammals. For example, enzymes pepsin breaks down proteins into amino acids. Hydrochloric acid (HCl) apart from activating pepsinogen released from the abomasum wall, is also a (bacterial killing agent, because bacteria will die at very low pH). However, dead bacteria can be digested to become a source of protein for ruminant animals. Thus, ruminant animals do not require essential amino acids like humans do. Then, the refined food from the abomasum space is pushed into the small intestine. In the small intestine, food essences are absorbed and circulated by the blood throughout the body. Next, the remaining food comes out through the anus. When a cow drinks water, the folds of the wall between the rumen and reticulum form a channel connecting the mouthesophagusomasum-abomasum. This situation causes the wateryou drink to enter the abomasum directly.In calves that are still suckling their mothers, the rumen, reticulum and omasum are still small and not yet functional.The folded channel is closed by a reflex movement so that the milk sucked from the mother's nipple goes directly into the abomasum.In rabbits, guinea pigs, and horses, cellulose fermentation occurs in the cecum. The cecum (appendix) is a sac (part of the large intestine) which is located between the small intestine and the large intestine and the worm's tuft. In the cecum there are many cellulolytic bacteria. In addition, these animals only chew once, so the feces produced are rougher and more fibrous than cow feces (which undergo cellulose chewing twice.