Prelab 5: Foot and Toes

Prelab 5: Foot and Toes Answer the participation activity questions below prior to attending lab. Refer to Chapter 3 from Orthopedic Taping, Wrapping, Bracing, and Padding to describe the purpose and materials associated with the techniques listed below. Taping 1. X-arch Purpose: Applying a series of tape strips across the plantar foot to provide additional support to the plantar foot when treating arch strains, plantar fasciitis, pes cavus and pes planus Materials: 1-inch non-elastic tape 2. Low Dye Purpose: Used to treat arch strains, plantar fasciitis, and lower leg injuries and conditions. It provides moderate support and corrects structural abnormalities, such as excessive pronation Materials:1 inch and 2-inch non-elastic tape, adherent tape spray 3. Toe Strips Purpose: The toe strip technique is used after a hyperextension (turf toe) or hyperflexion (soccer toe) sprain and provides mild to moderate support and reduces ROM at the MTP joint Materials:1-inch non-elastic or elastic tape, 2-inch elastic tape or self-adherent wrap, adherent tape spray Wrapping 1. Compression Wrap Purpose: The foot and ankle or toe compression wrap technique aids in reducing mild, moderate, or severe swelling Materials: 2-inch, 3 inch or 4-inch width by 5-yard length elastic wrap determined by the size of the foot, metal clips, 1 ½ inch non-elastic or 2 inch elastic tape, taping scissors and 1 inch elastic tape or self-adherent wrap for the toes Bracing 1. Heel Cups Purpose: Used for heel pain associated with contusions, spurs, plantar fasciitis, and lower leg, knee and back injuries and conditions 2. Soft Insoles Purpose: Full-length neoprene, silicone, thermoplastic rubber, polyurethane foam, and viscoelastic polymer insoles provide shock absorption for the entire plantar surface of the foot 3. Night Splint Purpose: Keep the ankle and foot in 5 degree of dorsiflexion and the toes in slight dorsiflexion to provide a static stretch of the plantar fascia and Achilles tendon while the individual is sleeping to reduce pain in treating plantar fasciitis 4. Walking Boot Purpose: Provides complete support and immobilization in treating sprains, strains, and stable acute and stress fractures and in postoperative procedures involving the foot and toes. Boots can replace a traditional plaster or fiberglass cast. The advantages of boots over traditional casting include lightweight design, lower cost, removal to allow for treatment and rehabilitation, adjustable ROM, and lower adverse effects on gait and kinetic patterns 5. Semi-Rigid Orthotics Purpose: Used to prevent and treat many rearfoot and forefoot injuries and conditions such as MTP sprains, arch strains, interdigital neuroma, sesamoid fractures, metatarsalgia, bunions and plantar fasciitis 2 Padding 1. Metatarsal Bar Purpose: Used to reduce stress and load on the metatarsal heads in treating sesamoiditis and metatarsalgia Material:1/8 inch or ¼ inch felt, 1-inch non-elastic tape, 2 inch self-adherent wrap or elastic tape, pre-wrap, taping scissors 2. Tear Drop Purpose: Used to provide mild to moderate support to the metatarsal arch in treating interdigital neuroma. The most common location is between the third and fourth metatarsals and is referred to as Morton’s Neuroma. With alignment of the metatarsal arch, a decrease in inflammation and pain should occur with the use of the pad Material: 1/8 inch or ¼ inch felt (pre-cut or from roll), 1-inch non-elastic tape, taping scissors 3. "J" Purpose: Used to treat sesamoiditis and sesamoid fractures to unload or lessen stress to the area Material: 1/8 inch or ¼ inch felt, taping scissors 3