Nutrition Exam Test 1 - Answers

● - right answer Question 1 Enteral nutrition is involving the use of liquid nutrition supplements and tube feedings and which is indicated in the following client (s): a. Unable to consume adequate intake to match increased metabolic demands • b. All answers are correct c. Experiencing significant anorexia d. Unconscious. Question 2 All of the followings belong to Palliative nutrition except: a. Use ice chips to alleviate thirst b. Use nonoral feeding in case of dementia c. Provide regular meals to prevent muscle loss • d. Implement nutrition to client tolerance Question 3 One of the following is true regarding parenteral nutrition: a. Total parenteral nutrition is indicated for short term (3 days or less) b. Parenteral nutrition is required when the patient has a normal Gl function c. Peripheral nutrition is done through central large veins & prescribed for more than 10 days • d. Nutrients should be given in the most basic form (glucose, amino acids, fatty acids) Question 4 Clear liquids should not be used as the sole source of nutrition for more than ... because of inadequate nutrients and energy levels. a. 24 hours b. 12 hours c. 48 hours • d. 72 hours Question 5 An enteral nutrition formula contains a single macronutrient and can be mixed with different types of formulas to increase nutrient content is called: • a. Elemental formula b. Modular formula c. All answers are correct d. Polymeric formula Question 6 Polymeric formulas are an intact macronutrient rich formula, recommended for clients with full digestive & absorptive function. The following is example of Polymeric Formulas: a. Pea protein b. Egg protein c. Lentils protein • d. Casein and whey Question 7 Which of the following statements is considered WRONG about Vitamin D requirements for adults over 50? a. Vitamin D requirements Double for adults over 50 b. Certain medications can compromise vitamin D status. • c. Vitamin D requirements Triple for adults over 50 d. Vitamin D deficiency is common in older adults. Question 8 Blunted thirst mechanism is a problem can diminish total body water in older ages. Causes of this problem include • a. Inefficient osmoreceptors b. Increased renin secretion c. Increased aldosterone secretion d. Increased angiotensin production Question 9 Sarcopenia is a loss of lean muscle mass that is associated with aging. What is/are the contributing factors? • a. Diminished physical activity b. Decreased cytokine activity c. Increased anabolic hormone production d. All answers are correct Question 10 One of the following is true regarding gastrointestinal changes among Elderly: a. Improved appetite • b. Decrease in size and number of glands and mucous membranes in stomach c. Chronic diarrhea d. Increased salivary production Question 11 Causes of malnutrition among inpatient hospitalized patients include all the following EXCEPT: a. Missed or interrupted meals or tube feedings because o medico testing or procedures b. Treatment and medication side effects that diminish appetite • c. Availability of adequate feeding assistance d. Prolonged use of clear liquid diets Clear my choice Question 12 The requirements for all of the following nutrients increase for elderly except: a. Calcium • b. Fluoride c. Vitamin B12 d. Vitamin D Question 13 Decrease food intake among elderly can occur for all the following EXCEPT: • a. Improved vision, hearing, and smelling senses b. Decrease in appetite c. Loneliness and bereavement d. Tooth problems such as missing tooth or having dentures Question 14 Protein intake requirements for elderly should increase in the following situations EXCEPT: • a. Kidney Failure b. Sepsis c. Burns d. Pressure Ulcers Question 15 Risk for Cardiovascular diseases include all the following EXCEPT: a. Current cigarette smoking • b. Elevated HDL cholesterol. c. DM d. Hypertension Question 16 Heart failure nutrition therapy should include all the following EXCEPT: a. Monitor weight, intake and urine output b. Provide small frequent meals c. Ensuring the diet is adequate in vitamins, minerals, and protein • d. Increase fluid and sodium intake Question 17 All of following are correct about cholesterol for cardiac patient Except: • a. High saturated fatty acids Increase HDL cholesterol. b. Trans fats Increase LDL cholesterol c. High polyunsaturated fatty acids decrease LDL cholesterol. d. Cis-MUFA decrease or do not change LDL cholesterol. Question 18 All these may decrease LDL EXCEPT: a. Soybean b. Food containing soluble fibers such as oat & barley c. Plant cholesterol • d. Animal Cholesterol and saturated fat Question 19 Polyunsaturated fatty acids play a role in prevention of cardiac problems by: a. Increase inflammation and platelet adhesion b. Increase blood pressure c. Increase triglycerides • d. Inhibiting plaque formation; decreasing arrhythmias Question 20 All of the following are Lifestyle factors contributing to the development or worsening of High blood pressure EXCEPT a. Obesity. • b. Quit smoking c. Lack of physical activity d. Alcohol abuse Question 21 All the following are considered low risk for gestational diabetes EXCEPT: • a. Has a history of DM type 2 before pregnancy b. Mother is younger than 25 years old c. Is a member of an ethnic group with low prevalence of diabetes d. Mother has a normal weight before pregnancy Question 22 All of the following are correct about treatment of DM type 1 EXCEPT: a. Must include insulin. • b. Involve oral hypoglycemic agents since they do not affect endogenous insulin. c. Should include prescribed physical activity guidelines. d. Should include medical nutrition therapy Question 23 All the following are correct recommendations for DM patients EXCEPT: a. Select food containing polyunsaturated fat and avoid trans-fats • b. During hypoglycemia, avoid taking simple sugar to prevent rapid rise in blood glucose c. Eat whole grain bread which is better than white bread d. Minimum consumption of 130 gm of carbohydrate/day to meet the brain's needs Question 24 The correct order for treating type 2 DM is: a. 1.Insulin injection 2. Oral hypoglycemic agents 3. Physical activity/ simple sugar restriction b. 1.0ral hypoglycemic agents 2. Insulin injection 3. Physical activity/simple sugar restriction c. 1.Insulin injection 2. Physical activity/simple sugar restriction 3. Oral hypoglycemic agents • d. 1.Physical activity/simple sugar restriction 2. Oral hypoglycemic agents 3. Insulin injection Question 25 Nutritional intake for patients with Nephrotic syndrome requires: • a. Protein intake 0.8 gm/kg/day plus 1 gram of protein for every gram of urinary protein. b. Increase intake of sodium and fluid c. Decrease intake of calories and protein d. Increase intake of saturated fats and cholesterol Question 26 In patients with renal failure daily fluid intake is generally limited to: • a. 1000 ml/day b. 200 ml/day c. 2000 ml/day d. 100 ml/day Question 27 Individuals with history of calcium oxalate stones should: a. Increase intake of high oxalate foods • b. Boil high oxalate vegetables c. Increase intake of foods rich with vitamin C d. Increase intake of calcium Question 28 All the following are correct recommendations for renal failure patients EXCEPT: • a. Eat more pickles, processed and canned food b. Decrease protein intake c. To decrease thirst, use sour candy and lemon drop instead of ice cream or jelly d. Decrease fluid intake Question 29 In renal failure, diet modification aims to prevent bone disease by adjusting intake of: a. Vitamin B12 b. Vitamin C c. Iron • d. Calcium Question 30 All the following considered are Nutritional complications of uremia EXCEPT: • a. Normal glucose Level. b. Metallic taste in the mouth. c. Vomiting. d. Nausea. Question 31 Which one of the following statements is/are correct about the relationship between cancer and HIV infection and nutritional health? a. Weight loss and malnutrition are considered risk factors for mortality b. Dietary intake decrease related to constipation and anorexia c. All answers are correct • d. Nutrition care should begin at the late stages of cancer and HIV infection. Question 32 ------------- are examples of plant-based nutrients researched for links to cancer risk. • a. Antioxidants and phytochemicals. b. Oxidants and phytochemicals. c. Vitamins A and D d. Vitamins Thiamine and B12 Question 33 All of the following may increase risk of infection in cancer EXCEPT: • a. Raw sea food b. Washed and boiled food c. Cold deli meat d. Unpasteurized dairy products Question 34 Cancer cachexia a. Occurs in all cancer patients • b. Occurs usually in solid-type cancers c. Is unexplained weight gain during cancer treatment d. Is treated by decreasing the amount of calorie, protein, and omega-3 intake Question 35 Cancer treatment causes immunosuppression which increases risk of infection. So, safe food handling should include all the following EXCEPT: a. Use clean spoons, dishes and knifes b. Good hand washing • c. Drink water while swimming and eat cold meat d. Eat boiled food, or food cooked on high temperature Question 36 Drug-herb interactions alter therapeutic drug levels, causing: a. Immunosuppression. • b. All answers. c. Immunostimulation. d. Altered bleeding. Question 37 which type of cancer treatment have profound effect • a nutrition status? a. All the choices are correct b. Surgery c. Radiation therapy d. Chemotherapy Question 38 To prevent or decrease risk of cancer it is recommended to: • a. Keep cancer cachexia b. Eat herbs that decrease the efficacy of c. Eat more carcinogens d. Increase food containing vitamin E and C Question 39 Bariatric surgery to decrease weight is recommended in the following: • a. When BMI is 35 and the patients has obesity-related conditions b. The patient did not try diet plan c. The patient did not try physical exercise d. When BMI is 30 Question 40 Anorexia Nervosa is characterized by the following: • a. Extreme weight loss, and fear of being obese b. Binge eating followed by purging behaviors c. BMI is higher than 25 d. Signs/symptoms include: Chipmunk cheeks and Russel's sign Question 41 Bulimia Nervosa is characterized by the following: a. Eating large amount of food within a short time followed by vomiting and laxative use • b. Symptoms are related to starvation such as lanugo, feeling cold, loss of brain function c. Extreme weight loss, and fear of being obese d. BMI is higher than 35 Question 42 Fluid and minerals imbalance Que to excessive us of laxatives, diuretics, and vomiting are usually sei in patients wit a. Bulimia nervosa • b. Anorexia nervosa c. Binge eating disorder d. Night eating syndrome Question 43 Which of the followings is considered an environmental factor that contribute to overweight and obesity? a. The effect of sleep deprivation on appetite regulation b. Cushing syndrome • c. Low socioeconomic status d. Use of birth control pills Question 44 All the following are example of disorders/cases that may lead to metabolic stress EXCEPT: a. Chronic infection b. Major surgery • c. Acute bronchitis d. Burn Question 45 Oral feeding is not recommended in the following cases: • a. All of the answers are correct b. Facial or dental fracture c. Postoperative paralytic ileus d. Dysphagia Question 46 Which of the following statement is incorrect regarding body's response to physiological stressors: a. Increased nutrient needs and the potential for increased nutrient losses places clients at risk for deficiency. b. The need for antioxidant vitamins and minerals may be increased because metabolic stress increases production of free radicals that cause oxidative damage. • c. It is easy to measure nutrient status during the acute phase of injury or inflammation. d. Pregnant females and children are additionally at risk of poor vitamin and mineral status due to growth and development needs. Question 47 Which one of the following is correct perioperative nutritional management? a. Use of carbohydrate-loading strategy b. Reliance on intravenous dextrose • c. All answers are correct d. Keep patient NPO for 48 hours prior to surgery