Collected Questions for Physiology Quiz 1

COLLECTED QUESTIONS For physiology -quiz 1(intro.+pit.) 1-One of the followings is not true about the endocrine system: a. A single endocrine gland may produce more than one hormone. b. A single hormone may be secreted by more than one endocrine gland. c. A single hormone has always one specific target cell. d. The same chemical substance may be either a hormone or neurotransmitter. e. Some Organs of the endocrine system perform non endocrine function. 2-Which one of the following hormones is hypoglycemic: a. Growth hormone. b. Glucagon. c. Epinephrine. d. Insulin. e. Cortisol. 3-Which of the following hormones does not work mainly via cAMP as second messenger: a. Insulin. b. ACTH. c. Adrenalin. d. Glucagon. e. TSH. 4-Which one of the following Is the most important hyperglycemic hormone: a. Growth. b. Cortisol. c. Glucagon. d. Adrenaline. e. Thyroxine. 5-True about hormone mechanisms: a. All steroid hormone bound to cytoplasmic receptors. b. Some of steroid hormones bound to cell surface receptors. c. Protein hormones can cross the cell membrane. 6-A hormone that is synthesized in endocrine cells and released to the interstitial space, binds to a specific receptor of nearby cell, this hormone is: a. Neurohormone b. Paracrine c. Neurotransmitter 7-Which of the following is NOT a hypothalamic function? a. Control of anterior pituitary hormone secretion. b. Control of sleep and wakefulness. c. Regulation of body water and urine osmolality. d. Regulation of core body temperature. e. Regulation of feeding. 8-With reference to pituitary function Which one of the following is NOT true? a. Adrenocorticotrophic hormone secretion is inhibited by a rise in blood cortisol. b. Growth hormone is secreted only before adulthood. c. The hypothalamus secretes both growth hormone releasing factor and growth hormone-inhibiting factor. d. Oxytocin migrates in neurons from hypothalamus to posterior pituitary. e. Storage of anti - diuretic hormone is in the pituitary. 9- true about hypothalamic hormones: a. ADH is produced by hypothalamus & stored in the anterior pituitary gland. b. Hypothalamus produces both FSH & LH. c. All hypothalamic hormones stimulate anterior pituitary gland hormones. d. GHRH Stimulate (FSH) & (LH) release from anterior pituitary e. All hypothalamic hormones are peptides. 10-Which part of the brain controls thirst and urine output, food intake, and body temperature among other things? a. Basal nuclei. b. Brain stem. c. Cerebral cortex. d. Hypothalamus. e. Thalamus. 11-The hypothalamic-pituitary portal system is important in the regulation of all of the following hormones EXCEPT for a. GH. b. ACTH. c. Vasopressin. d. Prolactin. e. TSH. 12-Which of the following characterizes type l but not type II diabetes mellitus a. Hyperglycemia. b. Lack of insulin. c. Polyuria & polydipsia. d. Can usually be successfully managed by dietary control & weight reduction without the necessity of insulin injections. e. Lack of insulin necessary. 13-The hormone that, in general is antagonistic to all the others in terms of metabolic effects is a. Growth hormone. b. Glucagon. c. Epinephrine. d. Insulin. e. Cortisol. 14-Which of the following is a neurohormone? a. Vasopressin. b. Thyroid hormone. c. Growth hormone. d. Cortisol. e. Luteinizing hormone. 15-Which one of the following about anti-diuretic hormone (ADH) is NOT true: a. It is synthesized in neurons. b. It is carried to the pituitary gland via capillaries. c. Its release into the blood is from the posterior pituitary. d. Lack of ADH causes diabetes insipidus. e. ADH acts on the kidney tubules. 16-Which of the following probably triggers the onset of labor? a. ACTH in the fetus. b. ACTH in the mother. c. Prostaglandins. d. Oxytocin. e. Placental renin. 17-Which one of the following is not produced by pituitary gland? a. Prolactin. b. Oxytocin. c. G.H. d. Somatomedin. e. L.H. 18-All of the following are true about GH except: a. Gigantism is related to overproduction of growth hormone. b. Another term for Growth hormone is somatotropin. c. GH and insulin function synergistically. d. GH decrease glucose and amino acids uptake by muscle cells. e. Somatostatin stimulate GH release. 19-——— is the part of the brain that controls the anterior pituitary gland secretions a. Pineal gland. b. Thalamus. c. Hypothalamus. d. Medulla oblongata. e. Corpus callosum. 20-If you were to eat four sugar glaze doughnuts and a large soft drink (like Pepsi), which hormone would you expect to be secreted at higher levels: a. Cortisol. b. Epinephrine. c. Glucagon. d. Insulin. e. Oxytocin. 21-An increase in plasma levels of ACTH leads to? a. Increased glucagon levels. b. Increased plasma cortisol levels. c. Increased plasma epinephrine levels. d. Increased plasma parathyroid hormone levels. e. Increased plasma vasopressin levels. 22-Physiological cut of the pituitary stalk (infundibulum) that connects hypothalamus to pituitary gland will show and increase in which of the following hormones? a. Thyroid stimulating hormone. b. Prolactin. c. Oxytocin and ADH. d. Growth hormone. e. Cortisol. 23-ACTH is the major regulator for secretion of which of the following from the adrenal glands? a. Epinephrine and norepinephrine b. Cortisol. c. Androgens (dihydroepiandrostendione-DHEA). d. Aldosterone. e. All of the above are correct. 24-A series of photographs taken of a middle-aged man over a period of 20 years demonstrates gradual coarsening of facial features and progressive protrusion of the brows. Upon questioning, the patient reports having to wear larger shoes than he did as a young man. Which of the following pair of hormones regulates the hormone responsible for these changes? a. b. c. d. e. Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) and adrenocorticotrpic hormone (ACTH). Somatostatin and growth hormone releasing hormone (GHRH). Prolactin and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH). Luetinizing hormone (LH) and human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG). Dopamine and norepinephrine. 25-The supraoptic and paraventricular nuclei of the hypothalamus control the secretion of which of the following hormones to the posterior pituitary? a. Oxytocin and prolactin. b. Growth hormone and prolactin. c. Follicle stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone. d. Antidiuretic hormone and oxytocin. e. Adrenocorticotrophic hormone and oxytocin. 26-Hypopituitarism that involves all its hormone is characterized by a. Weight gain. b. Intolerance to heat. c. Infertility. d. High levels of cortisol. e. Excessive growth of the soft tissue. 27-The following statements about Oxytocin is INCORRECT: a. It Is important in parturition by stimulating uterine contractions. b. It Is involved in a positive feedback cycle during parturition. c. It Is secreted by the neurohypophysis. d. It Stimulates synthesis of millk by glands. e. Suckling stimulates its secretion. 28-The hypothalamus inhibits the release of a. ACTH. b. FSH. c. GH. d. Prolactin. e. TSH. 29-Synaptic vesicles store a. Glycogen for energy production. b. Oxygen. c. Neurotransmitter. d. Calcium ions. e. Enzymes fore degrading neurotransmitter. 30-Which of the following does not act as a second messenger? a. Calcium ions. b. Cyclic GMP. c. Cyclic AMP. d. Adenylate cyclase. e. Inositol triphosphate. 31-Which type of hormonal interactions is the effect of thyroxine and adrenaline on fat cells? a. Permissive effect. b. Synergistic effect. c. Antagonistic effect. d. A and B. e. A and C. 32-The release of somatostatin from islet delta cell & its subsequent action on nearby alpha & beta cells in the same pancreatic islet, this is an example of a. Autocrine types of hormone action. b. Exocrine types of hormone action. c. Neuroendocrine types of hormone action. d. Paracrine types of hormone action. e. Endocrine types of hormone action. 33-Which of the following does NOT stimulate insulin secretion? a. Elevated blood amino acid concentration. b. Gastrointestinal hormones. c. Big sandwich. d. Starvation. e. Elevated blood glucose concentration. 34-Most hormones of the body are classified structurally as: a. steroids. b. Amines. c. Carbohydrates. d. Peptides and proteins. e. Lipids. 35-Hormone receptors: a. Respond to a particular peptide hormone only. b. Tend to increase in number in response to an increased presence of hormone molecules that bind to them. c. Are found in the plasma membranes of cells and the nuclei of other cells depend on the nature of the hormone. d. Are found in the plasma membranes of cells that respond to steroid hormones. e. None of the above. 36-Which of the following secrete hormones a. Hypothalamus. b. Testes. c. Kidneys. d. Stomach and intestine. e. All of the above. 37-Cortisol is an example of: a. Adenylate cyclase mechanism (CAMP) of hormone action. b. Guanylate cyclase mechanism (CGMP) of hormone action. Phospholipase C mechanism (IP3/Ca++) of hormone action. c. Steroid hormone mechanism of hormone action. d. Tyrosine kinas mechanism of hormone action. 38-All the following stimulate GH secretion EXCEPT: a. Obesity. b. Decrease blood glucose. c. Decrease blood free fatty acids. d. Fasting. e. Exercise. 39-All of the following produce hormones EXCEPT: a. Posterior pituitary b. Stomach c. Liver d. Thyroid 40-Which hormone of the following is the hormone made by liver: a. Ghrelin b. Somatomedin c. GH 41-Affected in all hypopituitary disorders: a. Gonads b. Prolactin c. GH 42- Excess GH secretion, what is wrong? a. Muscle increases glucose uptake b. Atrophy of pancreatic beta cells 43-Which one of the following enhances GH? a. Aging b. Obesity c. Fasting 44-Wrong about mechanism of action of hormone: a. protein hormones cannot penetrate cell membranes and their receptors are found on the cell’s surface. b. protein hormones activate the G-protein in the cell membrane. c. Amino Acid derivatives hormones are lipid soluble and they can penetrate cell membrane as well as nuclear membrane. d. All steroid hormones always bind receptors inside the cell of nucleus. 45-True about G protein: a. G- protein is composed of 3 subunits alpha, beta and delta. b. the active part of G-protein is the beta subunit; which separates from the G protein when it is activated. c. Relays on a signal from the first messenger/receptor complex to a membrane protein to activate processes 46-True about desensitization: a. it happens directly when the cells are exposed to a certain hormone for a short duration. b. heterologous desensitization is characterized by loss of responsiveness only to the particular ligand and maintained responsiveness of the cell to other ligands; and homologous desensitization, in which the cell becomes unresponsive to other ligands as well. c. desensitization is another term for upregulation. d. An example on desensitization is type I Diabetes Mellitus. e. none of the above. 47- A lot of hormones contribute in growth, choose the major growth hormones pair that determines growth of post uterine life: a. Insulin, GH b. Thyroid hormone, insulin c. GH, IGF-1 d. Estrogen, androgen 48-Hormone that binds cytoplasmic receptor: a. Calcitonin b. Insulin c. Glucagon d. Progesterone 49-What is the second messenger of oxytocin & TRH? a. IP3. b. cAMP. c. cGMP. 50-Patient with cardiomegaly and other things, the abnormal hormone is: a. GH b. Prolactin c. ADH d. Oxytocin e. TSH 51-Acromegaly and gigantism are due to? a. Insulin deficiency b. ACTH overproduction c. ACTH deficiency d. GH overproduction e. GH deficiency ANSWERS 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 C D A C B B B B E D C B D A B D D 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 E C D B B B B D C D D C D A D D D 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 C E C A A B A A C D C E C D A A D