University:
Kentucky State University
Course:
BIO 318 | Hematology
Academic year:

2022
Views:

132

Pages:

1
Author:

do3ran7ut

DIFFERENT TYPES OF ANEMIA Acute normocytic anemia RBCs are normal in size but low in number Often a sign of an underlying disease Normal MCV: 80-100 FL FACTORS Acute blood loss Transient bone marrow suppression Homolysis SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS Pallor Fatigue weakness Rapid heart rate Shortness of breath Dizziness Symptoms related to the underlying condition THERAPEUTIC MANAGEMENT Treat underlying cause Iron or erythropoietin therapy Blood transfusion if severe Corticosteroids or immunosuppressants (f autoimmune) Bone marrow transplant DIAGNOSIS Reticulocyte count Peripheral blood smear Creatinine) Kidney function tests (eg. BUN, tron studies Erythropoietin levels -Bone marrow biopsy (if indicated) Iron deficiency anemia Inadequate supply or loss of iron is the most prevalent and preventable nutritional disorder DIAGNOSTIC EVAL Laboratory tests -Cocull blood (qualac test) for stool analysis SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS Uriderweight Tachycardia intability Fatigue Pallor THERAPEUTIC MANAGEMENT Prevention is the primary goal and is achieved through optimum nutrition Appropriate iron supplements For intants: use only breast milkiron fortified formula Occasionally pica Educate family Sickle-cell anemia One of a group of diseases collectively termed nemoglobinopathies CLINICAL MANIFESTATION: Possible growth retardation Chronic anemia Possible delayed sexual maturation Marked susceptibility to sepsis SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS Exercise intolerance Anorexia Jaundice sclera Chronic leg ulcer priepam THERAPEUTIC MANAGEMENT Rest to minimize energy expenditure and to improve oxygen utilization Hydration through oral and IV therapy Electrolyte replacement Analgesia-for severe pain Blood transfusion Antibiotic therapy B-Thalassemia Genetic disorder Most common Autosomal recessive disorder THERAPEUTIC MANAGEMENT Maintain sufficient hgb levels to prevent bone marrow expansion and bony deformities Provide sufficient RBCs to support growth and normal physical activity. Blood transfusion with a goal of maintaining the hab level above 0.5g/dL Aplastic Anemia Arare and life-threatening disorder, idiopathic. The production of the formed elements of the blood is simultaneously depressed AA can be primary (congenital or present at bierthi or secondary (acquired) Best known congenital disorder. Fanconi anomia syndeome DIAGNOSTIC EVALUATION Bone marrow examination Severe AA: based in Camitta Crotena THERAPEUTIC MANAGEMENT Treatment of choice for severe AA: Bone Marrow Transplantation Immunosuppressive therapy NURSING MANAGEMENT Prepare the family and child for the diagnostic and therapeutic procedure Prevent complications Emotionally support the fasily in the face of potentially fatal outcome.

Types of Anemia

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