Biology Terminology Lecture 15 Notes

University:
Lindsey Wilson College
Course:
BIOL 1103 | Principles of Biology
Academic year:

2022
Views:

13

Pages:

2
Author:

Richard Mitchell

Lecture 15 capsid is the protein shell that encloses the viral genome capsomeres Capsids are built from protein subunits called capsomeres Bacteriophages Or phages are viruses that infect bacteria host range A limited number of host cells that it can infect (specific) lytic cycle is a phage reproductive cycle that culminates in the death of the host cell virulent phage A phage that reproduces only by the lytic cycle is called a restriction enzymes that recognize and cut up certain phage DNA lysogenic cycle replicates the phage genome without destroying the host prophage integrated viral DNA is known as a prophage temperate phages Phages that use both the lytic and lysogenic cycles Retroviruses use reverse transcriptase to copy their RNA genome into DNA provirus The viral DNA that is integrated into the host genome viroids Smaller, less complex entities (circular RNA molecules) Vaccines are harmless derivatives of pathogenic microbes that stimulate the immune system to mount defenses against the actual pathogen Emerging viruses are those that appear suddenly or suddenly come to the attention of scientists Flu epidemics are caused by new strains of influenza virus to which people have little immunity Viroids are circular RNA molecules that infect plants and disrupt their growth Prions are slow-acting, virtually indestructible infectious proteins that cause brain diseases in mammals