1. Define Motor Development. (3 pts) Study of change in growth, development, and motor performance across the lifespan, similarities between babies and older adults. 2. List the major factors that influence motor performance. (2 pts) Heredity, maturation, development, experience, growth. 3. List (6 pts) and describe (6 pts) the sequence of development of the brain and CNS. (12 pts)  Cell proliferation: Generating immature neurons  Migration: Move to different sites in the brain  Integration: Interaction of neural groups  Differentiation: Progression of control  Myelination: Covering of neural pathways  Cell necrosis: Death 4. What are the specific developmental sequences of growth and control as to where it first begins and where it eventually progresses? (2 pts)  Cephalo-caudal: Direction of growth from head to toe  Proximal-distal: Directional growth from midline to periphery 5. What is the term used to identify skills or behaviors that are related to the species of man, or naturally acquired? Give an example. (2 pts)  Phylogenetic: Crawling 6. What is the term used to identify skills or behaviors that must be learned, and therefore depend on the individual? Give an example. (2 pts)  Ontogenetic: Dancing 7. What is a reflex? (2 pts) Involuntary response to a stimulus. 8. What is the fate of infant reflexes? (2 pts) Reflexes are suppressed. 9. What are two reasons why reflexes are important? (2 pts)  Used as a diagnostic tool  Survival 10.List three categories of reflexes. (3 pts)  Primitive  Postural  Locomotor 11.What is a spontaneous movement? (2 pts) movements that occur without any external stimuli, typically observed in infants. 12.Explain the difference between creeping and crawling. Which comes first? (2 pts)  Crawling is body drag, creeping is all fours  Creeping comes first 13.Describe the four developmental stages of prehension (manual control). (4 pts)  Palmer grasp  Pseudo opposition  Thumb opposition  Mastery 14.List the sequence of the development of locomotion. (10 pts)  Crawling  Creeping  Walking  Running  Leaping  Jumping  Hopping  Galloping  Sliding 15.Generally, for skills requiring fast reflexes, what is the upper age limit for peak performance? (1 pt)  20s 16.Generally, for skills requiring strength, what is the upper age limit for peak performance? (1 pt)  40s 17.What percentage of physical functioning does the average adult lose between ages 30-70? (1 pt)  30% 18.How much physical function loss is due to lifestyle and not absolutely necessary to lose? (1 pt)  15%

Define Motor Development

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