Basics of Biblical Greek Chapters 15-18, 21 Review 3 Track 2

Chapters 15-18, 21 Review #3 Ð Track 2 Grammar 1. 2. Define the following three aspects, clearly differentiating among them. a. Continuous aspect describes the action of the verb as an ongoing process. E.g., ÒThe car was slowing down.Ó b. Undefined aspect describes the action of the verb as a simple event, without commenting on whether or not it is a process. Undefined aspect gives the minimum amount of information about the action of a verb. E.g., ÒThe car slowed down.Ó c. Punctiliar aspect describes the action of a verb as occurring at a single point of time. E.g., ÒThe car hit the brick wall.Ó Punctiliar aspect is the opposite of continuous aspect. Punctiliar aspect is a category of English grammar, not of Greek grammar. Write out the twelve forms of luvw, present active and passive Present Active 1st sg luvw 1st pl luvomen 2nd sg luveiV 2nd pl luvete 3rd sg luvei 3rd pl luvousi(n) 1st sg luvomai 1st pl luovmeqa 2nd sg luvh/ 2nd pl luvesqe 3rd sg luvetai 3rd pl luvontai Present Passive 3. Write out the Master Verb Chart Tense Aug/ Redup Tense stem Tense Conn. vowel formative 4. Personal First singular endings Pres act pres o / e prim act luvw Pres mid/pas pres o / e prim mid/pas luvomai Imperf act e pres o / e sec act e[luon Imperf mid/pas e pres o / e sec mid/pas ejluovmhn What are ÒThe Big FiveÓ contraction rules? 1. ou is formed by eo, oe, and oo. 2. ei is formed by ee. !99 !100 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. Review #3 (Track Two) 3. w is formed by almost any combination of omicron or omega with any other vowel, except for rule ÒaÓ above. 4. a is formed from ae. 5. h is formed from ea. What vowels form the following contractions? a. ei ↞ e+e b. ei ↞ e + ei c. a ↞ a + e (or a + a, or a + h) d. ou ↞ o+o e. ou ↞ o+e f. ou ↞ e+o g. w ↞ a + w (or a + o, e + w, o + w, w + a, o + a, w + e, or w + o) How do you form the following English tenses with the verb ÒeatÓ? a. Present active continuous Ð Òis eating.Ó b. Present passive punctiliar Ð Òwas eaten.Ó Define what a ÒdeponentÓ verb is and give one example. ¥ A deponent verb is middle or passive in form, but active in meaning. ¥ E.g., e[rcomai is middle or passive in form, since it uses the middle/passive personal ending mai, and its meaning ÒI comeÓ is active. When are primary and secondary endings used? a. Primary endings are used in all finite verbs1 except for those with absolute past time.2 Of the tenses weÕve learned thus far, they are used in the present, future, and perfect tenses. b. Secondary endings are used in all verbs with absolute past time; namely for the indicative mood, in the imperfect and aorist tenses.3 What are the three basic rules of augmentation? a. Verbs beginning with a consonant augment by prefixing an epsilon with a smooth breathing mark." (E.g., lu ↠ ejlu) b. Verbs beginning with a vowel augment by lengthening the vowel. Alpha and epsilon lengthen to eta." (E.g., ejrc ↠ hjrc)." 1 By saying Òfinite verbsÓ we are excluding participles and infinitives. 2 Advanced information: Primary endings are also not used in the imperative and optative moods. The imperative mood (chapter 33) has its own personal endings. The optative mood (chapter 35) uses secondary personal endings. 3 Advanced information: Secondary endings are also used in the pluperfect tense (chapter 25 advanced information), which is absolute past time. They are also used in the optative mood (chapter 35 advanced information), in all tenses, even though the optative mood does not have absolute past time in any tense. Review #3 (Track Two) ! 101 Omicron lengthens to omega. (E.g., oJmo ↠ wJmo )." Other vowels are unchanged. c. Verbs beginning with a diphthong augment by lengthening the first vowel of the diphthong." (E.g., aijt ↠ h/t)." But some diphthongs do not augment at all. Parsing 1. ajkouvete ajkouvw Second Person Plural Present Active Indicative Òyou (plural) are hearingÓ Third Person Singular Imperfect Active Indicative Òhe/she/it was desiringÓ 2. h[qelen qevlw 3. poreuvetai poreuvomai Third Person Singular Present Deponent Indicative Òhe/she/it is goingÓ 4. ajgaqaiv ajgaqovV Nominative Plural Feminine Òlove (plural) Ó Third Person Singular Present Active Indicative Òhe/she/it is believingÓ 5. pisteuvei pisteuvw 6. ei\cen e[cw Third Person Singular Imperfect Active Indicative Òhe/she/it is havingÓ 7. throu:mai threvw First Person Singular Present Middle or Passive Indicative" ÒI am keeping for myself / I am being keptÓ 8. ejdivdasken didavskw Third Person Singular Imperfect Active Indicative Òhe/she/it was teachingÓ 9. hjrwvtoun ejrwtavw First Person Singular or Third Person Plural Imperfect Active Indicative" ÒI was asking / they were askingÓ 10. ajgapw:men ajgapavw First Person Plural Present Active Indicative Òwe are lovingÓ 11. ejduvnato duvnamai Third Person Singular Imperfect Deponent Indicative Òhe/she/it was ableÓ 12. lalw: lalevw First Person Singular Present Active Indicative ÒI am speakingÓ 13. peripatou:men peripatevw First Person Plural Present Active Indicative Òwe are walking aroundÓ 14. plhroi¾ plhrovw Third Person Singular Present Active Indicative Òhe/she/it is ÞllingÓ 15. h[rconto e[rcomai Third Person Plural Imperfect Deponent Indicative Òthey were goingÓ Translation: 1 John 1:5-2:5 1:5 And this is the message that we have heard from him and we proclaim to you, that God is light, and no darkness at all is in him. 1:6 If we say that we have fellowship with him, and we are walking in the darkness, we lie and do not do the truth; 1:7 But if we walk in the light as he is in the light, we have fellowship with one another, and the blood of Jesus his Son cleanses us from every sin. 1:8 If we say that we do not have sin, we deceive ourselves and the truth is not in us. 1:9 If we confess our sins, he is faithful and righteous to forgive us our sins and to cleanse us from every unrighteousness. 1:10 If we say that we have not sinned, we make him a liar, and his word is not in us. 2:1 My little children, I write these things to you in order that you might not sin. But if anyone sins, we have an advocate with the Father, Jesus Christ the righteous; 2:2 And he is the atoning sacrifice for our sins, and not ours only, but also for the entire world. 2:3 And in this way we know that we have known him, if we keep his commandments. 2:4 The one who says, ÒI have known himÓ and is not keeping his commandments is a liar, and the truth is not in him; 2:5 But whoever is keeping his word, truly in this one the love of God has been perfected. In this way we know that we are in him.!