Acute Care Questions

1. Which of the following statements about performing statements about performing CPR with two or more rescuers is true? a. b. c. d. BVMs are already available at all emergency scenes Monitoring the victim for full exhalation is not required Ventilations are more effective when two rescuers operate the BVM When used by a single rescuer, BVMs allow easy coordination with chest compression 2. You are providing care to an adult who is unresponsive and not breathing as a result of a drowning. You give the first ventilation before performing CPR and noticed that the chest does not rise. Which of the following should you do next? a. b. c. d. Change the position of the mask and then look for chest movement. Blow into the mask more forcefully and then look for the chest to rise. Re-tilt the victim’s head and then attempt another ventilation Give 5 back blows and then check the victims’s mouth 3. A way to remember the questions to ask when taking a brief history to use the acronym SAMPLE. What does the S in SAMPLE stand for? a. b. c. d. Safety techniques Secondary Assessment Spinal Injury Assessment Signs and Sysmptoms 4. A patron seems to be having a diabetic emergency. You should: a. b. c. d. Give them glucose tablets Give them a diet soda Give them a glass of water Give them a sugar – free sports drink 5. A patron has slurred speech, is unable to lift their right arm level with their left arm and is unable to smile without one side of their face drooping. You make note of the symptoms started. These are symptoms of: a. b. c. d. A stroke A head, neck or spinal injury Internal bleeding Poisoning 6. To ensure high-quality CPR and high-quality chest compressions, you should: a. Keep your shoulders directly over your hands and bend your elbows b. Expose the victim chest to ensure proper hand placement and full chest recoil c. Compress the victim chest to a shallow depth d. Place the victim on a soft, flat surface 7. You and another lifeguard find an unresponsive adult on the locker room floor. The other lifeguard goes to summon EMS personnel. You form an initial impression, complete a primary assessment and find that the victim has a pulse but is not breathing. Which of the following should you do next? a. b. c. d. Give ventilations at the ratio of 1 about every 5-6 seconds Perform CPR Perform a finger sweep of the victim mouth Give back blows and chest thrusts 8. Which of the following is most essential to use when giving ventilations to protect you and the victim from a disease transmission? a. b. c. d. Resuscitation masks Protective clothing Gowns Protective eye wear 9. A patron has cut their leg at the end of the bleachers and is bleeding heavily. You think the patron is in shock because they: a. b. c. d. Become restless and irritable Have a red rash Have dry skin Are calm and quiet 10. Your initial impression reveals life-threatening bleeding in an adult victim who appears to be unresponsive. Your next step should be: a. b. c. d. Control the bleeding with any available resources Open the airway and check for breathing and a pulse Perform a secondary assessment Immediately begin CPR 11. An AED indicates that "no shock is advised." Which of the following is most appropriate to do next? a. b. c. d. Monitor the victims airway and breathing Readjust the pad placement on the victim Perform CPR for about 2 minutes Turn off the AED for 5 seconds and try again 12. An injured patron is responsive and is bleeding. After summoning EMS personnel, obtaining consent and putting on disposable gloves, what is your next care step? a. b. c. d. Treat the victim for shock by lying the victim down Elevate the wound if you can do so without causing further pain Press firmly against the wound with a sterile dressing and bandage Let the wound bleed until it stops on its own 13. You are providing care to a conscious infant who is choking. When giving chest thrusts, which of the following would you use? a. b. c. d. Fist of the hand Two or three fingers Heel of the hand Two hands 14. Which of the following findings would lead you to determined that an infant's airway is open and not obstructed? a. b. c. d. The infant is crying uncontrollably The infant is not breathing The infant is unable to speak The infant chest fails to rise and fall 15. You are providing care on a patron who is choking on some food. The victim becomes unresponsive. Which of the following should you do first? a. Lower the victim to the ground and begin CPR with chest compressions. b. Attempt to give ventilation to the victim. c. Lower the victim to the ground and open their airway. 16. As the only lifeguard performing CPR on a 7-year-old child, you would perform cycles of: a. b. c. d. 15 chest compressions and 2 ventilations. 20 chest compressions and 1 ventilations. 30 chest compressions and 2 ventilations. 25 chest compressions and 1 ventilations. 17. You are performing CPR on a victim and an assisting responder arrives. Which of the following is most appropriate for the assisting responder to do first? a. Check to see whether EMS personnel have been called. b. Begin giving ventilations to the victim c. Call for a change in position to assist with CPR. d. Have the first lifeguard stop CPR to allow for victim reassessment. 18. Which of the following should you do first when approaching the scene of an emergency? a. b. c. d. Size-up the scene while forming an initial impression Complete a primary assessment Obtain the victim´s consent to provide care Summon EMS personnel 19. When giving abdominal thrusts to an adult who is choking, where should you position your fist? a. b. c. d. In the middle of the abdomen, just below the navel In the center of the breastbone On the rib cage In the middle of the abdomen, just above the navel 20. Based on which of the following signs and symptoms would you determine that a victim is experiencing respiratory distress? a. b. c. d. Complaints of feelling ¨really thirsty¨ Sneezing with water eyes Gasping for breath Yellowish skin 21. You arrive on a scene where someone seems to be hurt. During the primary assessment, you should check for all of the following EXCEPT: a. b. c. d. Swelling Bleeding Breathing Consciousness 22. Which of the following would you identify as the universal sign that a conscious person is chocking? a. b. c. d. Coughing Ability to speak or cry Yelling out ¨Im choking¨ Clutching the throat 23. You and another lifeguard are preparing CPR on an adult who collapsed in the locker room. You determine that there is no breathing or pulse and state. ¨Victim has no pulse¨. Begin CPR¨ Which of the following should the other lifeguard do next¨? a. Check for breathing b. Give two ventilations c. Begin chest compressions d. Open the airway 24. If a victim is having a seizure in the water: a. Secure the victim onto a backboard. b. Support the victim with their above water until the seizure ends. c. Immediately get them out of the water. d. Immediately move the victim to shallow water until the seizure ends, if the victim is in deep water. 25. A 12-year-old child at a swim meet grabs their chest and begins to make wheezing noises. After you obtain consent to provide care, the child's parent informs you that the child has a history of asthma, but does not have an inhaler nearby. What care should you provide? a. Give 5 back blows. b. Tell the victim to use an inhaler borrowed from a bystander. c. Summon more advanced medical personnel and place the victim into a position that helps breathing. d. Wait 20 minutes to see if the breathing difficulty goes away. 26. What is the first step you should take in caring for a victim with burns? a. b. c. d. Remove the victim from the source of the burn. Cool the burned area to stop the burning. Keep the victim comfortable. Take steps to minimize shock. 27. You and a fellow lifeguard are giving ventilations using a BVM. You position the mask over the victim's mouth and nose. What should the other lifeguard do? a. b. c. d. Ensure that the mask is sealed. Squeeze the bag with both hands. Open the airway with the thumbs. Position fingers behind the jawbone. 28. When giving chest compressions to an adult, how would you position your hands? a. b. c. d. Side-by-side in the middle of the victim’s chest. Encircling the chest with the thumbs centered at the nipple line. Heel of one hand on the center of the chest with the other hand on top. Three fingers of one hand on the chest with the palm of the other on top. 29. You and a patron enter the locker room and find an unresponsive person lying on the floor. You size up the scene and perform an initial impression, and you begin performing a primary assessment. The patron asks, "should we move them to the first aid room?" What should you do next? A. B. C. D. Help the patron move the victim to the first aid room. Tell the patron the victim should not be moved since there is no immediate danger. Splash the victim’s face with cold water. Tell the patron to move the victim while you get other lifeguards to help. 30. How can you best protect yourself from bloodborne pathogen transmission when providing care? a. Use protective equipment, such as disposable gloves and a breathing barrier, when providing care. b. Ask the victim first if they have any communicable diseases. c. Thoroughly wash your hands before providing care. d. Use first aid supplies, such as dressings and bandages, as a barrier when in contact with the victim. 31. You determine that a victim is unresponsive but breathing. While waiting with the victim for EMS personnel, you would position the victim: a. b. c. d. Face-up On their abdomen. In a recovery position. Sitting up straight. 32. All the following are components of scene size-up EXCEPT: a. b. c. d. Gathering an initial impression of the situation. Calling for additional resources as needed. Looking for situations that are hazardous. Checking for responsiveness. 33. As you are giving ventilations with a resuscitation mask, the victim vomits. Which of the following would you do first? a. Leave the victim in a face-up position and clear the airway of the vomit immediately. b. Reposition the victim’s head to reopen the airway. c. Use greater force ventilating to bypass the vomit. d. Turn the victim onto their side and clear the airway of the vomit immediately. 34. During a primary assessment, which of the following should you check first? a. b. c. d. Responsiveness Airway Breathing Circulation 35. Which of the following statements about bag-valve-mask resuscitators (BVMs) I most accurate? a. b. c. d. BVMs are readily available at all emergency scenes. Monitoring the victim for full exhalation is not required. Ventilations are more affective when two rescuers operate the BVM. When used by a single rescuer, BVMs allow easy coordination with chest compressions. 36. Which of the following statements about performing CPR with two or more rescuers is true? a. To reduce fatigue, rescuers should switch positions as soon as another rescuer arrives on scene. b. To reduce rescuer fatigue, rescuers should switch positions about every two minutes or when the AED is analyzing. c. While one rescuer is performing the primary assessment, the assisting responder should perform ventilations using a BVMs. d. While one rescuer is performing the primary assessment, the assisting responder should place their resuscitation mask on the victim 37. While preparing to use an automated external defibrillator (AED) on a victim, you notice a medication patch on the victim's chest. Which action is most appropriate? a. b. c. d. Removing the patch with a gloved hand. Applying one the pads directly over the patch. Placing one pad on the victim’s chest and the other on their back. Wiping the victim’s chest dry, avoiding the patch. 38. A person has been injured and is responsive. You obtain consent to check the victim for life-threatening conditions. What life-threatening condition would require you to immediately summon EMS personnel? a. b. c. d. Minor cuts and scrapes Persistent chest pain Minor headache Swollen ankle 39. You are walking on the pool deck when the swim team coach suddenly collapses in front of you. During your primary assessment, you find the victim does not have a pulse. You should: a. Give ventilations at a rate of 1 about every 5-6 seconds. b. Immediately begin CPR using cycles of 30 compressions followed by 2 ventilations. c. Give 2 ventilations before beginning CPR. d. Immediately begin CPR using cycles of 15 compressions followed by 2 ventilations. 40. You are giving ventilations to a 5 year old child using a resuscitation mask. You should give 1 ventilation about every: a. b. c. d. 1 second 2 seconds 3 seconds 5-6 seconds. 41. When using an AED , which of the following should you do immediately after attaching the AED pads to the victim´s chest? a. b. c. d. Push the ¨Shock¨button Turn on the AED Tell everyone to stand clear Wipe the victim´s chest dry 42. While having a snack in the concession area, a child suddenly clutches his throat with both hands. You ask him if he is choking and he frantically nods yes. You activate your facility’s emergency action plan (EAP). You identify yourself as a lifeguard and obtain consent from the parents. What should you do next? 43. When compressing a childs chest during CPR, you should compress at a rate of at least how many compressions per minute? 100 44. One you have turned on the automated external defibrillator (AED), you should: Apply the pads and allow the AED to analyze the heart rhythm 45. CPR should be performed on which of the following victims? One who is in cardiac arrest 46. What is the first step of the Cardiac Chain of Survival? Early recognition and access to the emergency medical services (EMS) system 47. To ensure effective chest compressions during CPR, which of the following is most appropriate? Allowing the chest to fully recoil between compressions 48. You are about to apply AED pads to a victim's chest when you notice that the victim has several body piercings with jewelry on his chest. Which of the following should you do? Apply the pads to the chest, making sure to the chest, making sure to avoid the jewelry. 49. The cycle pf chest compressions and ventilations in two-rescuer CPR for an infant is: 15 chest compressions and 2 ventilations 50. The hazard communication standard includes having MSDS information available. What is included in this information? Contains information about what type of chemicals are in use at the facility 51. A patron dives into the shallow end of the lap pool. You suspect she has a head, neck or spinal injury because she has: -An elevated body temp. -An irregular heartbeat. -Blood in the ears and nose. -Impaired hearing. Blood in the ears and nose. 52. Which of the following is the least important for a safe group visit to a pool? -Knowing how to identify the group's leaders or chaperones -Having appropriate numbers of lifeguards available to cover all zones -Ensuring there are multiple activities planned for the group -Ensuring that patrons stay in the sections of the pool that are appropriate for their swim ability 53. While caring for someone with a suspected spinal injury, you secure the straps on a backboard in the following order: Upper chest, hips, thighs 54. It is the primary responsibility of facility management to provide all but which of the following? -Creating and reviewing policy and procedures -Addressing unsafe conditions -Training staff -Educating patrons about and enforcing facility rules 55. You and another lifeguard find an unconscious adult on the floor in the locker room. You activate your facility's EAP, size-up the scene and perform a primary assessment. YOu find the victim is not moving or breathing, but has a pulse. You should summon EMS personnel, then: Give 1 rescue breath about every 5 seconds. 56. You come upon a scene where a patron appears to be injured. Before approaching the victim, which of the following will you not do as you size-up the scene? -Use all your senses to determine if the scene is safe. -Determine what happen and how many victims there are. -Begin the primary assessment. -Put on appropriate PPE. 57. When providing care during an emergency, which of the following should you do first? Size-up the scene. 58. As the first lifeguard on the scene, you are performing CPR on an adult. When performing chest compressions, how deeply should you compress the chest? At least 2 inches. 59. CPR should be performed on which of the following victims? One who is in cardiac arrest 60. What is the first step of the Cardiac Chain of Survival? Early recognition and access to the emergency medical services (EMS) system 61. You are providing care to a victim having a heart attack. Which of the following would you do first? Summon EMS personnel 62. Once you have turned on the automated external defibrillator (AED), you should: Apply the pads and allow the AED to analyze the heart rhythm. 63. While having a snack in the concession area, a child suddenly clutches his throat with both hands. You ask him if he is choking and he frantically nods yes. You activate your facility's emergency action plan (EAP). You identify yourself as a lifeguard and obtain consent from the parents. What should you do next? Stand or kneel behind the victim and give 5 back blows and 5 abdominal thrusts. 64. To ensure effective chest compressions during CPR, which of the following is most appropriate? Allowing the chest to fully recoil between compressions 65. Which of the following is most essential to use when giving ventilations to protect you and the victim from disease transmission? CPR breathing barriers 66. You are providing care to a facility maintenance worker who has fallen off the top of a ladder. The victim is conscious. Which of the following should you do first? Obtain consent from the victim to provide care. 67. For which of the following should you summon EMS personnel? A victim with an open leg would with the bone protruding 68. You pull an unconscious adult from the water who is taking infrequent gasps. During the primary assessment you find that the victim has a pulse. Which of the following should you do next? Give 2 initial ventilations 69. A woman collides with another swimmer while diving into the pool and asks the lifeguard for help. Without doing an assessment, the lifeguard tells the woman she can continue swimming. The woman leaves the facility and seeks medical attention from a hospital after she begins to feel tingling sensations in her arms and legs. The lifeguard may be: Negligent 70. If there is a risk of the AED pads touching each other, such as with a small child or an infant, you should: Place one pad in the middle of the chest and the other on the back. 71. During a weather-related power failure at a facility, you should: Clear everyone from the pool. 72. During in-service training, lifeguards practice the steps of recognizing a distressed swimmer, rescuing an active victim, informing arrangement and speaking with witnesses. The lifeguards are practicing parts of a(n): Emergency action plan. 73. You have sized up the scene and determined the scene is safe. When performing a primary assessment, which of the following would you do next? Check for responsiveness. 74. Which of the following is true if the manager of the facility has assigned you as the only lifeguard conducting patron surveillance? You have been assigned to total coverage. 75. Which of the following pieces of equipment need to be easily accessible for emergency use: Backboard, AED 76. A technique to minimize movement for a victim with a suspected head, neck, or spinal injury who if face-down at the surface and in water less than 3 feet deep is the: Head-splint technique. 77. If three lifeguards are on duty, emergency back-up coverage takes place: When a lifeguard enters the water for a rescue. 78. You are about to apply AED pads to a victim’s chest when you notice that the victim has several body piercings with jewelry on his chest. Which of the following should you do? Apply the pads to the chest, making sure to avoid the jewelry. 79. You are positioned above the child’s head and are using a resuscitation mask to give ventilations. After you position the mask, which of the following should you do next? Seal the mask. 80. Where should you place your hands when giving chest compressions to an infant during CPR? One hand on the forehead and two or three fingers on the center of the chest 81. When providing care to a conscious infant who is choking, which of the following is most appropriate? Positioning the infant so the head is lower than the chest 82. A person has been injured and is conscious. You should: Obtain consent, check the victim for life-threatening conditions and speak with the victim to find out what happened. 83. The purpose of the secondary assessment is to: Identify and care for conditions that are not life threatening 84. A way to remember the questions to ask when taking a brief history is to use the acronym SAMPLE. What does the A in SAMPLE stand for? Allergies 85. During a swim meet,the bleachers behind your guard station suddenly collapse. As you check the scene, you notice several people who appear injured. Who should you approach first? A man who appears unconscious. 86. When caring for musculoskeletal injuries, what does RICE stand for? Rest, immobilize, cold, elevate 87. Signs and symptoms of sudden illness do not include: Bruising or rigidness of the abdomen. 88. When checking a victim during a secondary assessment you notice changes in her LOC. What does the C stand for in LOC? Consciousness 89. Which of the following would you identify as the universal sign that a conscious person is choking? Inability to speak or cry 90. Based on which of the following signs and symptoms would you determine that a victim is experiencing respiratory distress? Audible high-pitched gurgling 91. When using an AED, which of the following should you do immediately after attaching the AED pads to the victim’s chest? Push the “Analyze” button 92. When immobilizing an injured patron’s arm: Leave the arm in the position you find it or in the position the patron is holding it. 93. During a swim meet, the bleachers behind your guard station suddenly collapse. As you check the scene you notice several people who appear injured. Who should you approach first? A child who is holding his arm, which appears to be injured 94. During morning adult lap swim, you notice a swimmer who slows down and is no longer able to make any forward progress. Which of the following is true? They are in danger of becoming an active victim if not assisted 95. When caring for a suspected head, neck or spinal injury in the water: Minimize movement of the victim's head and neck using the head splint technique. 96. Which of the following is true about accidental fecal releases (AFRs)? AFRs require water treatment, temporary pool closure and immediate lifeguard attention. 97. You enter the mechanical room and find a maintenance worker lying on their back on the floor next to a ladder. You check the scene and determine it is safe to enter. During your primary assessment, you find the victim is unresponsive but breathing. You must leave to get help, what should you do? Place the victim in a recovery position. 98. When completing an incident report: Collect all factual information about what was seen, heard and the actions taken. 99. You are lifeguarding during a family swim session when you notice a swimmer swimming full lengths of the pool under water. What should you do? Immediately stop them from continuing the activity and explain the dangers of the activity. 100. Which of the following is true of a submerged, unresponsive victim in deep water that you suspect has a spinal injury? If the victim is not breathing, you would remove the victim from the water immediately without strapping them to a backboard.