University:
Montana State University
Course:
MB 538 | Cell & Molecular Biol
Academic year:

2022
Views:

398

Pages:

28
Author:

Sean Horton

Unit 1: Chemistry of Life Water Properties & Biochemistry • • • • • Hydrogen Bonds Proteins Lipids Nucleic Acids Carbohydrates Unit 2: Cell Structure & Function Topics: Organelles & Membrane Transport Unit 2: Cell Structure & Function Organelles & Membrane Transport Unit 3: Cellular Energetics Enzymes & Energy • • • Proteins Cellular Respiration Photosynthesis Unit 4: Cell Comm. & Cell Cycle Signal Transduction & Mitosis • • • • • Receptor, Transduction, Response Checkpoints Interphase Mitosis Cytokinesis Unit 5: Heredity Meiosis & Genetics • • • • Meiosis Comparison w/ Mitosis Mendelian Genetics Non-Mendelian Genetics Unit 6: Gene Express & Regulation Molecular Genetics • • • • • • DNA vs. RNA Replication Transcription Translation Mutations BioTechnology Unit 7: Natural Selection Evolution • • • • Selection Hardy-Weinberg Phylogeny Evidence of Evolution Unit 8: Ecology • • • Energy Flow Population Ecology Community Ecology Practice Multiple Choice Insulin is a protein hormone that is secreted in response to elevated blood glucose levels. When insulin binds to its receptors on liver cells, the activated receptors stimulate phosphorylation cascades that cause the translocation of glucose transporters to the plasma membrane. Practice Multiple Choice Based on the information provided, which of the following best describes the role of insulin in this liver cell signal transduction pathway? (A) It acts as a ligand. (B) It acts as a receptor. (C) It acts as a secondary messenger. (D) It acts as a protein kinase. Humans have a diploid number (“2n” ) of 46. Which of the following statements best predicts the consequence if meiosis did not occur during gametogenesis? (A) The gametes would get larger from one generation to the next. (B) The chromosome number would double with each generation. (C) The chromosome number would be halved with each generation. (D) The chromosome number would triple with each generation Which of the following best explains the feedback mechanism illustrated in Figure 1? (A) This is an example of positive feedback, because the few platelets that initially bind attract more platelets to the damaged area. (B) This is an example of positive feedback, because it results from the interactions among collagen, endothelial cells, and platelets. (C) This is an example of negative feedback, because a large clump of platelets can block the blood vessel and prevent blood flow through it. (D) This is an example of negative feedback, because the accumulation of platelets returns the open blood vessel wall to a closed state. Which of the following best explains the feedback mechanism illustrated in Figure 1? (A) This is an example of positive feedback, because the few platelets that initially bind attract more platelets to the damaged area. (B) This is an example of positive feedback, because it results from the interactions among collagen, endothelial cells, and platelets. (C) This is an example of negative feedback, because a large clump of platelets can block the blood vessel and prevent blood flow through it. (D) This is an example of negative feedback, because the accumulation of platelets returns the open blood vessel wall to a closed state. Practice Free Response (#5) In humans, the gene that determines a particular condition has only two alleles, one of which (B) is completely dominant to the other (b). The phenotypes of three generations of a family with respect to the condition are shown in the pedigree in Figure 1. Individuals are numbered. Practice Free Response (#5) Practice Free Response (#5) (a) Describe the process in eukaryotes that ensures that the number of chromosomes will not double from parent to offspring when gametes fuse during fertilization. Practice Free Response (#5) Homologous pairs of chromosomes separate in meiosis I, so the gametes are haploid (n), and each gamete receives only one member of each chromosome pair Practice Free Response (#5) (b) Explain how any one chromosome in individual 16 contains DNA that came from both individuals 1 and 2. Practice Free Response (#5) (b) Explain how any one chromosome in individual 16 contains DNA that came from both individuals 1 and 2. Practice Free Response (#5) Individual 5 inherited one member of each homologous pair of chromosomes from individuals 1 and 2. During gamete formation in individual 5, crossing over occurred between non-sister chromatids in each homologous pair. Thus each chromosome formed and passed on to individual 16 contains DNA from both 1 and 2. Practice Free Response (#5) (c) Use the template figure of the pedigree and the allele designations B and b to indicate the genotypes of individuals 2, 4, 8, and 18. Practice Free Response (#5) Bb bb Bb Bb Practice Free Response (#5) Individual 2, 4, and 18: The genotype of all three is Bb. Individual 8: The genotype is bb. Practice Free Response (#5) (d) Based on the pedigree, explain whether the inheritance pattern of the condition is sex-linked or autosomal and dominant or recessive. Practice Free Response (#5) (b) Explain how any one chromosome in individual 16 contains DNA that came from both individuals 1 and 2. Practice Free Response (#5) The disease phenotype is recessive and is autosomal/not sex-linked. It cannot be dominant because individuals 3 and 4 do not have it, but their offspring 14 does. It is not sex-linked because if it was Y-linked, all male offspring of males with the disease phenotype would have the trait, and they do not.

Biology Jumpstart Session 3

Related Documents

Recommended Documents

Description

Related Documents

Free up your schedule!

Take 5 seconds to unlock