Cosmetology State Board Test Guide

191 question Milady's Cosmetology State Board Test This type of wax may cause an allergic reaction and should be patch tested beeswax To prevent contact with any possible bloodborne pathogens during a hair removal treatment, use: disposable gloves When applying a retouch color application, what size are your subsections for new growth? 1/4-inch partings Where is predisposition test given is generally conducted behind the ear or inside the elbow During the process of decolorizing, natural hair can go through as many as: 10 stages What happens when all three primary colors are present in equal proportions, the resulting color is: brown high porosity is defined as: When the cuticle of the hair is lifted and the hair is overly porous and absorbs color quickly, the hair The two methods of wrapping the hair around a perm rod are :croquignole and spiral Coarse, resistant hair (with a strong compact cuticle) A restructuring process of a chemical solution that is highly alkaline is required for.... With regard to the wave pattern or configuration, textured hair is defined as hair with a(n): tight curl pattern When executing an updo, inspect the shape from every angle to make sure it is well balanced and proportioned Virus A parasitic submicroscopic particle that infects and resides in the cells of a biological organism is a: MSDS/SDS Useful product disposal guidelines and medical and first aid information can be found on a(n): Blood-borne pathogen Disease-causing microorganisms that are carried in the body by blood or body fluids are called: tinea pedis The most frequently encountered infection on the foot resulting from nail services is: acquired immunity The type of immunity that the body develops after overcoming a disease or through inoculations is: efficacy The term describing the effectiveness with which a disinfecting solution kills germs when used according to the label instructions is: quaternary ammonium compounds A safe and useful type of disinfectant, commonly called quats, is: bleach Sodium hypochlorite is the chemical name for: 20 seconds What is the minium length of time you should hand wash? OSHA Universal Precautions for bloodborne pathogens are regulated by cuticle layer The epidermis layer of the skin is also known as the: stratum germinativum The deepest layer of the epidermis, the basal cell layer, is also known as the arrector pili muscle The muscle that causes goose bumps when a person is frightened or cold is the: reticular layer The deeper layer of the dermis that supplies the skin with oxygen and nutrients is the: pheomelanin The melanin produced by the body that is red to yellow in color elastin The fibrous protein that gives skin its flexibility and helps skin regain its shape after being expanded sebaceous glands Oil glands that are connected to hair follicles What is/ What does vitamin D do enables the body to properly absorb and use calcium 1/7 50 to 70 percent Water is the number one nutrient of the body and composes what percentage of the body's weight Lesion Any mark on the skin bulla A large blister containing a watery fluid is a: macule A flat spot or discoloration on the skin pustule An inflamed pimple containing pus tumor An abnormal cell mass that varies in size, color, and shape fissure Cracks in the skin that penetrate the dermis layer, such as chapped hands or lips keloid A thick scar resulting from excessive growth of fibrous tissue ulcer An open lesion of the skin or mucous membrane, accompanied by pus and characterized by loss of skin depth comedo A hair follicle filled with keratin and sebum forms a milia Benign, keratin-filled cysts that appear just under the epidermis and have no visible opening hyperhidrosis Excessive sweating, caused by heat or general body weakness herpes simplex A contagious, recurring viral infection characterized by fever blisters or cold sores psoriasis A noncontagious skin disease characterized by red patches covered with silver-white scales found on the Wart Hypertrophy of the papillae and epidermis malignant melanoma Dark, brown patches on the skin that may appear uneven in texture, jagged, or raised may be a warning sign UVB rays The rays of the sun that cause sunburns and tanning and are also known as burning rays Beau's lines Visible depressions running across the width of the natural nail plate that are the result of a major illness or injury are Melanonychia A dark band within the nail plate extending from the base to the free edge due to increased pigmentation Pseudomonas aeruginosa The naturally occurring skin bacterium that can grow out of control and cause nail infections, incorrectly referred to as mold onychosis Any deformity or disease of the nails in general Tinea pedis is the medical term used to describe athlete's foot hair bulb The thickened, club-like structure that forms the lower part of the hair root is the keratinized protein The hair shaft that emerges from the scalp is a nonliving fiber composed COHNS elements The major elements that make up human hair are carbon, oxygen, hydrogen, nitrogen, and sulfur, often referred to as polypeptide chain A long chain of amino acids linked by peptide bonds hydrogen, salt, and disulfide three different types of side bonds lanthionine bonds Hydroxide chemical relaxers break disulfide bonds and convert them to________________________ eumelanin The melanin that provides brown or black color to hair telogen phase The resting phase or final phase of the hair cycle that lasts until the fully grown hair is shed canities The technical term for gray hair hypertrichosis The condition of abnormal hair growth of terminal hair is referred to as 2/7 trichorrhexis nodosa A condition that is characterized by brittleness and the formation of nodular swellings along the hair shaft is tinea favosa scalp disorders that is characterized by dry, sulfur-yellow, cup-like crusts on the scalp scabies A highly contagious skin disease caused by a parasite called a mite is pediculosis capitis An infestation of the hair and scalp with head lice is: texture The thickness or diameter of each hair strand is referred to as hair: porosity The ability of the hair to absorb moisture more alkaline Chemical services performed on hair with low porosity require a solution that is elasticity The ability of hair to stretch and return to its original length without breaking is referred to as hair: hair stream Hair flowing in the same direction, the result of follicles sloping in the same direction form a: transitional lines Curved lines that are used to blend and soften horizontal or vertical lines are: color The element used to define texture and line and tie design elements together is: light color To draw a line in a hairstyle in the direction you want the eye to travel, use a: proportion The comparative relationship of one thing to another in hair design is called: symmetrical balance The hair design where both sides of a hairstyle form a mirror image of each other rhythm The regular pulsation or recurrent pattern of movement in a design is the: wave patterns and hair texture The two defining characteristics of hair type are facial bones A client's facial shape is determined by the position and prominence of the oval face The facial shape that is one and a half times longer than its width across the brow is malassezia Antidandruff shampoos and conditioners contain antifungal agents that suppress the growth of: hydrogen Products are classified as either an alkaline solution or an acidic solution by measuring the amount of: distillation The water purification process used in the manufacture of cosmetics where water is heated to a vapor then collected as a liquid is hydrophilic The water-attracting head of the surfactant molecule is pH-balanced Shampoos that help close the hair cuticle and are balanced to the pH of skin and hair are: protein and biotin Two conditioning agents that restore moisture and elasticity to the hair shaft humectants Substances that absorb moisture or promote the retention of moisture are known as back-and-forth movement When manipulating the scalp during a shampoo, begin at the front hairline and work in a(n) crown The area of the head that is between the apex and the back of the parietal ridge is the 3/7 client's skin When securing a cape as draping for a basic shampoo, do not let the cape touch the reference points Achieving balance within a design can be accomplished by understanding the head shape and___________ occipital bone The nape area is defined as the area at the back part of the neck and consists of the hair below the: angle The space between two lines or surfaces that intersect at a given point is a(n): vertical The lines used to remove weight to create graduated or layered haircuts are degrees Elevation creates graduation and layers and is usually described in below 90 degrees When you are building weight in a haircut, the hair should be held cutting line The angle at which the fingers are held when cutting is referred to as the overdirection In creating a length increase in the design of graduated and layered haircuts, the technique to use is: natural falling position The growth pattern is the direction in which hair grows from the scalp and is also called the: notching shears Shears that are designed to remove more hair, with larger teeth set farther apart, are: texturizing Which type of texture shear adds increased blending? In haircutting, minimum tension is used where? around hairlines, strong growth patterns and around ears over fingers The hand position that is used most often when cutting uniform or increasing layers is palm-to-palm When cutting with a vertical or diagonal cutting line, the best way to maintain control of the subsection is to cut: blunt cut A one-length haircut where all the hair comes to a single hanging level is also known as a: slide cutting The cutting technique used to layer very long hair and keep weight at the perimeter is texturizing The process of removing excess bulk without shortening hair length is slithering Thinning hair using a sliding movement with the blades of the shear partially opened to reduce volume and create movement is full-stem curl The type of curl that is placed completely off base and allows for the greatest mobility is the closed-center curls Pin curls that produce waves that get smaller in size toward the end are triangular base Along the front hairline to prevent splits or breaks in the finished style, the recommended base to use is: carved curls Pin curls sliced from a shaping and formed without lifting the hair from the head are referred to as skip waves Two rows of ridge curls on the side of a head are called: barrel curls Large diameter pin curls that are similar to a roller but do not have the same amount of tension are two and a half turns To create curls in hair using rollers, the hair should be wrapped around the roller: indentation The point where curls of opposite directions meet forming a recessed area is called ruffing Another term used to describe backbrushing is 4/7 125-degree angle When creating full-base curls, the hair should be held with medium tension at a: ______ degree angle soft press The type of hair pressing service that removes 50 to 60 percent of the curl is the: use enough tension To press hair satisfactorily for a client with a flexible scalp, the stylist must smooth press Pressing combs with less space between the teeth produce natural hairstyling Hairstyling that does not alter the natural curl or coil patterns of hair is known as Which type of brush is good for releasing tangles, knots, and snarls in short, textured hair and long, straight hair square paddle Kanekalon A manufactured synthetic fiber used for hair extensions that is durable, soft, and less inclined to tangle than many other synthetics is inverted The three-strand braid produced by overlapping the strands of hair on top of each other is the: feed-in method The method of cornrows that look natural, last longer, and will not place excessive tension on the hairline is locks The name for separate networks of curly, textured hair that have been intertwined and meshed together is: wefts Human or artificial hair that is woven into long strips is called tapered To achieve a natural look when cutting a wig, the ends should be 70 colors All synthetic hair colors used on wigs and hairpieces are standardized according to the hair color ring used by manufacturers, which contains ________ colors integration Hairpieces that have openings at the base through which the client's hair is blended are fusion bonding The method of attaching extensions to a client's own hair with a bonding material and heat from a special tool 0 to 14 What is the range of the pH scale soften and swell the shaft Chemical hair texturizers temporarily raise the pH of the hair in order to: disulfide bonds Chemical side bonds formed when two sulfur-type chains are joined together are reduction Once in the cortex, the waving solution breaks the disulfide bonds through a chemical reaction called: thioglycolic acids The most common reducing agents used are ammonium thioglycolate The active ingredient or reducing agent in alkaline permanent waves is 9.0 and 9.6 Most alkaline permanent waves have a pH between glyceryl monothioglycolate The main active ingredient in true acid and acid-balanced waving lotions is what type of solution has a pH of 7.8 and 8.2 acid endothermic Waves that are activated from an outside heat source are considered over processed Hair that has too many disulfide bonds broken and will not hold a firm curl is considered: thio neutralization The process that stops the action of permanent wave solution and rebuilds the hair into its new form is: hydrogen ion The active ingredient in all hydroxide relaxers is the 5/7 lanthionine bond Hydroxide relaxers remove a sulfur atom from a disulfide bond, converting it into a(n): metal hydroxide relaxers Relaxers that contain only one component and are used without mixing are potassium hydroxide relaxers Relaxers are often marketed and sold as no mix-no lye relaxers are guanidine hydroxide relaxers Relaxers that contain two components and must be mixed immediately prior to use are: hydroxide The difference in the strength of most chemical hair relaxers is determined by the concentration of: normalizing lotion Conditioner with an acidic pH that restores the hair's natural pH after a hydroxide relaxer is: soft curl permanent A combination of a thio relaxer and a thio permanent wrapped on large rods is a thio relaxers Hair that is treated with hydroxide relaxers must not be treated with: coarse-textured hair The hair type with a large diameter that can take longer to process hair color is law of color The system used for understanding color relationships is the blue primary color adds? depth or darkness What is a tertiary color A color achieved by mixing equal parts of a secondary color and its neighboring primary color on the color wheel is a: What is a tone The hue or balance of color seen in the hair is referred to as cool tones appearance Colors that can look deeper than their actual level aniline derivatives Dye precursors that combine with hydrogen peroxide to form larger, permanent dye molecules are called The standard volume of hydrogen peroxide used to achieve most results with permanent haircolor is 20 volume What product contain an alkalizing ingredient and developer As part of their composition, all permanent hair coloring products and lighteners double-process application The process where the hair is prelightened and then toned is toners Hair coloring products that are used primarily on prelightened hair to achieve pale and delicate colors are: release statement Clients with hair in questionable condition who request chemical services should be required to sign a: contributing pigment Decolorizing the hair's natural pigment allowing the colorist to create the exact degree of 24 to 48 hours prior to application The U.S. Federal Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act prescribes that a predisposition test be given color retouch applications Examples of single-process permanent coloring applications are virgin color applications and: cream lighteners Lighteners that have a thicker consistency and give more control during scalp application are: presoftening The process of treating gray or very resistant hair to allow for better penetration of color is Retin-A A hair removal service should not be performed on clients taking a medication containing rosacea Facial waxing should not be performed on clients with the condition of: laser hair removal A method of hair removal using a beam pulsed on the skin that requires specialized training is 6/7 The natural arch of the eyebrow or the curved line of the eye socket follows what bone? orbital For waxing to be effective, the hair should be at least how long? 1/4 inch Prior to application, the temperature of the heated wax should be tested on on the wrist How should you remove cleanser in the eye area, move outward on the upper lid and inward on the lower lid alipidic Dry skin that is not producing enough sebum anaerobic Acne bacteria cannot survive in the presence of oxygen, and are hyperpigmentation Dark blotches of color on the skin caused by sun exposure or hormone imbalance are known as microdermabrasion A mechanical exfoliation that uses a closed vacuum to shoot crystals onto the skin is iontophoresis The process of using galvanic current to enable water-soluble products that contain ions to penetrate the skin electrode An applicator used to direct electric current from a machine to the client's skin is a(n motor point The point over a muscle where pressure or stimulation will cause contraction of the muscle is the tapotement A stimulating form of massage that consists of short, quick tapping, slapping, and hacking movements is: friction A deep rubbing massage movement in which pressure is applied to the skin while moving over an underlying structure is: pétrissage A kneading movement that is performed by lifting, squeezing, and pressing tissue with light, firm pressure is: modelage masks Masks that contain special crystals and dry to a plaster-like consistency are gel masks Masks containing hydrators and soothing ingredients that do not dry hard and can be used on sensitive skin are: alpha hydroxy acids Salon alpha hydroxy acid exfoliants are often referred to as: gommage A cream-type enzyme applied to the face and rolled off the skin is a: exfoliation The process of removing dead cells from the surface of the skin is 7/7