Milady Cosmetology Practice Exam Guide

Milady Practice Exam Cosmetology The Deepest layer of the epidermis, the basal cell layer, is also known as the Stratum Germinativum The layer of skin that is composed of several layers of different-shaped cells and is responsible for the growth of the epidermis is the: Stratum Germinativum Cosmetology professionals are only allowed to use products that remove dead skin from the: stratum corneum The layer of skin that we see and is treated by the practitioner is the: Corneum The fatty layer found below the dermis is the: Subcutaneous The muscle that causes goose bumps when a person is frightened or cold is the___ Arrector Pili Muscle The tiny granules of coloring matter deposited in cells that provide skin with its color are: Melanin The two types of duct glands that extract materials from the blood to form new substances are: Sudoriferous & Sebaceous Glands Water is the number one nutrient of the body and composes what percentage of the body's weight? 50 to 70% The principal functions of the skin are protection, sensation, heat regulation, excretion, and: Secretion & Absorption The three main layers of the hair shaft are the cuticle, cortex, and: Medulla Layer A weak, temporary side bond that is easily broken by water and heat is a: Hydrogen Bond All natural hair color is the result of pigment located in the cortex called: Melanin Oily hair and scalp are caused by improper washing or overactive: Sebaceous Glands The average growth of healthy scalp hair is about ______ per month. 1/2 inch A condition that is characterized by brittleness and the formation of nodular swellings along the hair shaft is: Trichorrhexis Nodosa The medial term that is used to describe dandruff is: Pityriasis Tinea is characterized by itching scales and sometimes painful circular lesions and is caused by: Fungus An infestation of the hair and scalp with head lice is: Pediculosis Capitis A carbuncle is an inflammation of the subcutaneous tissue caused by: Staphylococci The type of fungal infection that is characterized by red papules or spots at the opening of the hair follicle is: Tinea Capitis Dead cells that form over a wound or blemish while it is healing is a: Crust The lipophilic tail of a surfactant molecule is considered to be: Oil Attracting The water-attracting head of the surfactant molecule is: Hydrophilic Shampoos that help close the hair cuticle and are balanced to the pH of skin and hair are: Acid-Balanced Shampoos that contain special chemicals or drugs that are effective in reducing excessive dandruff or relieving other scalp conditions are: Medicated Shampoos The hair should never be brushed prior to a: Chemical Service When providing a scalp massage, use the length of the fingers, fingertip balls, and the cushions of the: Palms 1/4 Brushes with bristles that have tiny overlapping layers or scales, which clean and add luster to the hair, are: Natural During the shampoo procedure, the water should be monitored for: Volume & Temperature Shampoos that are created by combining the surfactant base with basic color pigments are: Color-enhancing Products that do not remove artificial color from the hair are considered to be: Nonstripping Shampoo that can leave the hair dry and brittle and cause fading in color-treated hair is: High-pH Shampoo Characteristics that are associated with particular skin types are referred to as skin: Conditions The amount of sebum produced by the sebaceous glands determines the size of the: Pores Dry skin that is not producing enough sebum is also known as: Alipidic Hydrators that are thick in texture and bind water to the skin are used for: Dehydrated Skin Products that are designed to lower the pH of skin after cleaning and aid in the removal of excess cleaning products are: Toners A cream-type enzyme applied to the face and rolled off the skin after forming a crust is a: Gommage The stratum germinativum is composed of several layers with special cells that produce a dark skin pigment called: Melanin Products used to increase the water content of the skin surface are: Moisturizers Water-binding agents in moisturizers contain emollients or hydrators also known as: Humectants The manual or mechanical manipulation of the body by rubbing, kneading, or other movements is called: Massage The impact of a massage treatment depends upon the amount of pressure, direction of movement, and: Duration of Manipulation A kneading movement that is performed by lifting, squeezing, and pressing tissue with light, firm pressure is: Petrissage The black cord and plug of the negative electrode on a galvanic machine is called the: Cathode A mechanical exfoliation that uses a closed vacuum to shoot crystals onto the skin is: Microdermabrasion A section of hair molded in circular movements in preparation for the formation of a pin curl is a __ Shaping The most commonly shaped pin curl base is the __ Arc Base The hair type that is very resistant to hair pressing and requires more heat and pressure is __ Wiry/Curly To change the natural wave pattern of hair, the side bond of what layer of hair must be broken? Cortex The range of numbers used in the pH scale is 0 to 14 In restructuring process, coarse, resistant hair with strong compact cuticle requires a chemical solution that is: Highly Alkaline Chains that are formed by peptide bonds that are linked together are: Polypeptide Bonds Chemical-based side bonds that are formed when two sulfur-type chains are joined together are: Disulfide Bonds 2/4 More then any other single factor, what determines the ability for the hair to cold a curl? Elasticity In permanent waving, the size of the curl is determined by the: Rod Size In the permanent waving, panels of hair are divided into smaller sub-sections called: Base Sections In the croquignole method of wrapping , the hair is wound from: Ends to Scalp An acid with low pH that is the primary reducing agent in acid waves is: Glyceryl Monothioglycolate All acid waves have three components consisting of the waving lotion, neutralizer, and: Activator Waves that are activated from an outside heat source are considered: Endothermic Relaxers that contains only one component and are used without mixing are: Metal Hydroxide Relaxers To avoid over-processing an scalp irritation in a virgin relaxers application, start at least: 1/4 inch Away From Scalp Conditioners with an acidic pH that conditions an restores the natural pH of hair after a relaxer but prior to shampooing are: Normalizing Solution During a retouch relaxer application, to avoid over-processing or hair breakage, Do Not: Overlapped the relaxer Hair that is treated with hydroxide relaxers must not be treated with: Thio relaxers Along the front hairline to prevent splits or breaks in the finished style, the recommended base to use is: Triangular Base Arc pin curls are also known as half-moon or: C-Shaped Based Curls Ridge curls are pin curls placed immediately behind or below a ridge to form a: Wave A type of hair gel that makes the hair pliable enough to finger wave is: Waving Lotion To create curls in using rollers, the hair should be wrapped around the roller: Two-and-a-Half Turns When securing a roller, one end of the clip should be under the roller and one end __ Inside the Roller Another term used to describe back-brushing is __ Ruffing Combing small sections of hair from the ends toward the scalp to form a cushion at the base is known as __ Teasing Large, flat brushes with staggered pin patterns used for mid-to-longer hair length are __ Paddle Brushes The edges on flat irons that create smooth, straight styles on very curly hair are __ Straight A pressing comb with less space between the teeth produces a(n) __ Smooth Press After heating a pressing comb, the temperature of the comb should be tested using __ Light Paper A hard press is also known as a __ Double-Comb Press The press performed when the hair becomes curly again due to perspiration or dampness is a __ Touch-Up A true classic hairdo created out of a simple ponytail that can be a simple style or dressed up is a(n) __ Chignon Seborrheic dermatitis 3/4 A skin condition caused by an inflammation of the sebaceous glands. Inflammation, dry or oily scaling or crusting, and/or itchiness Elevation on the skin that contains no fluid, but may develop into a pustule: Papule A dry, scaly skin condition due to a deficiency or absence of sebum caused by old age and exposure to cold is: Asteatosis Distended capillaries caused by constant overdilation and weakening of the capillary walls are known as: Telangiectasis Contrasting lines that are horizontal and vertical lines that create a hard edge and form __ 90 Degree Angle A contagious, recurring viral infection characterized by fever blisters or cold sores is: Herpes Simplex When executing an updo always inspect the shape you are building from every angle to determine: Well Balance & Proportioned A long chain of amino acids linked by peptide bonds is called: Polypeptide Bonds A fiber protein that is the principal component of hair, skin, and nails is: Keratin A weak, temporary side bond between adjacent polypeptide chains (Salt bonds are easily broken by changes in pH, and re-form when the pH has returned to normal) : Salt Bond Lines a constant distance apart in the same direction that are used to create width in a hair design Horizontal Lines Usually curved lines that are used to blend & soften horizonal or vertical lines Transitional Lines Establishing equal or appropriate proportions to create symmetry in a design: Balance The part of the overall design that the client will respond to first : Silhouette A single line of color or a series of repeated lines can create a : Bold, Dramatic Accent Hairstyle choice should create volume around the areas between the temples and jaw, by adding width around the ear area Square facial shape Is the outline of the face, head, or figure seen in a side view Profile The treatment that passes water through a porous substance, such as charcoal or a filter, to be purified is known as: Filtration 4/4