Understanding Yourself and Others Answer Key 2

37. The text states that the stress that accompanies the transition to parenthood is likely to be greatest when a. the newborn child wasn’t planned. b. the new parents are relatively young. c. there are unrealistic expectations about parenting responsibilities. d. the father is unlikely to be heavily involved in child care. c ANSWER: 38. Conflict between adolescents and their parents is most likely to involve which of the following issues? a. The adolescent’s career plans b. The kinds of clothes the adolescent wears c. The adolescent’s possible use of drugs d. Whether or not the adolescent will engage in sexual relations ANSWER: b 39. Sylvia and Darren have two children in high school. Recently, Darren’s mother moved in with th a broken hip. Sylvia and Darren are said to be in the _____ generation. a. sandwich b. boomerang d. caregiver c. reality ANSWER: a 40. Nancy’s children have all grown and moved out. Nancy is most likely to a. have a period of difficult transition. b. feel better if her children move back. c. have a more negative attitude about them returning home than her children do. d. feel liberated from child-rearing responsibilities. d ANSWER: REFERENCES: 41. Which of the following is NOT a problem in family life later? a. Disagreements about leisure activities b. Disappointments about intimacy c. Lack of time to spend together d. Disagreements about finances ANSWER: DIFFICULTY: REFERENCES: c Easy Marital Adjustment Across the Family Life Cycle LEARNING OBJECTIVES: PSYC.WEIT.11.10.07 - Identify common problems that surface as a family's children reach adolescence, and discuss the transitions that occur in the later stages of the family life cycle. KEYWORDS: Factual 42. Which of the following is NOT associated with marital conflict? a. Alcoholism b. Role compromises c. Physical health problems d. Domestic violence ANSWER: DIFFICULTY: REFERENCES: b Moderate Vulnerable Areas in Marital Adjustment LEARNING OBJECTIVES: PSYC.WEIT.11.10.08 - Discuss how expectations, work, and financial issues may affect marital adjustment. KEYWORDS: NOTES: Factual New 43. According to the text, mismatched expectations about marriage roles are especially likely among to and wives because a. gender roles are changing rapidly. b. people are getting married at a younger age today. c. in childhood, boys and girls get different messages about marriage. d. of the abundance of unhealthy marriages portrayed in the mass media. ANSWER: a 44. Gender equality in marital chores is a. increasing; wives still do the bulk of household chores. b. fairly common; husbands do nearly 50% of the housework. c. idealistic and probably not really desirable. d. decreasing; wives do 78% of the core housework. ANSWER: a 45. Wives account for _____ of the core housework. a. 35% b. 50% c. 78% d. 92% ANSWER: c 46. Betty has the attitudes of a typical married woman. She likely does ______ housework than her husband and ________ consider it unfair. a. more; does b. less; does not c. more; does not ANSWER: d. less; does c 47. While Fatima is very busy as a mother, wife, and employee, research has shown an advantage of these multiple roles is that a. she and her husband are more satisfied with the wife’s role. b. her husband can still be the primary breadwinner. c. time away from children is a good stress relief. d. she has increased social contacts and self-esteem. ANSWER: d 48. What does research tell us about the relationship between women’s employment status and the qu mother emotional attachment? a. Full-time mothers are more likely to have securely attached children. b. Part-time working mothers have more securely attached children than full-time mothers or women employed full-time. c. Mothers who work full-time can have securely attached children, but only if the husband shares child-rearing responsibilities. d. There appears to be no relationship. ANSWER: d 49. When financial resources are plentiful in a marriage, arguments about money a. simply don’t occur. b. may still be a problem. c. generally don’t threaten marital satisfaction. d. tend to occur if the wife doesn’t work outside the home. ANSWER: b 50. How do happily married couples and those who get divorced differ in their handling of money? a. Happy couples engage in more joint decision-making on finances. b. Eventually-divorced couples have more arguments about how much money each partner earns. c. Among couples who get divorced, one spouse provides a regular allowance for the other. d. Among happy couples, typically there is agreement about who is primarily responsible for financial matters. ANSWER: a 51. According to your textbook, the best way for married couples to avoid troublesome battles over money is probably to a. engage in joint decision-making on finances. b. avoid discussions related to money. c. assign responsibility for financial decisions to one person. d. consult on a regular basis with a financial planner. ANSWER: a 52. In order to develop his theory of the role of marital communication and risk factors for divorce, Gottman a. analyzed his own marital experiences and those of three close friends. b. did an Internet survey of 500 couples. c. observed couples at 20 shopping malls in the United States over a period of two months. d. studied over 50 couples using a combination of interview and observational techniques. ANSWER: d 53. Gottman asserts that a. conflict and anger in marital interaction are not normal. b. jealousy is by far the greatest of all threats to marital stability. c. the style of communication is the key issue in predicting marital dissolution. d. conflict and anger are predictive of marital dissolution. ANSWER: c 54. Which of the following is NOT one of the communication styles identified by Gottman as a risk factor for divorce? a. Contempt b. Criticism c. Defensiveness d. Complaining ANSWER: d 55. At their peak, divorce rates were about ______%; the risk of divorce today is about ______%. a. 60; 50 b. 60; 40 c. 50; 60 d. 50; 40 ANSWER: d 56. Which of the following is NOT one of the social trends contributing to increasing divorce rates? a. Legal barriers to divorce have diminished. b. The stigma attached to divorce has gradually eroded. c. Increasing family size makes divorce more viable. d. Working wives are less financially dependent on the continuation of their marriage. ANSWER: c 57. Fred and Wilma are in an unhappy marriage. Compared to divorced couples, research indicates they are likely to have a. more life satisfaction. b. higher levels of happiness. c. poorer physical health. d. higher self-esteem. ANSWER: c 58. Which of the following statements about divorce is NOT true? a. Divorce is usually more disruptive for women than men. b. Women are more likely to assume responsibility for the children. c. Half of fathers lose contact with their children within the first year. d. Both men and women are unlikely to have an adequate income or satisfying job. ANSWER: d 59. Research indicates that a. the negative effects of divorce on psychological well-being is similar for men and women. b. post divorce adjustment is more favorable with a higher income. c. forgiveness of an ex-spouse is correlated with lower depression. d. all of the above. ANSWER: d 60. After a divorce, many children exhibit a. depression. b. lowered academic performance. c. precocious sexual behavior. d. all of the above. ANSWER: d 61. ________ percent of children show emotional or psychological problems 2-3 years after their parents divorce. a. 25 b. 50 c. 75 d. 90 ANSWER: a 62. Which of the following has been found in adults whose parents divorced when they were children? a. Marital instability b. Maladjustment c. Reduced occupational attainments d. All of the above ANSWER: d 63. According to Ahrons, the research on divorce a. is coming closer to establishing the truth about the lasting effects of divorce on children. b. is now able to define the specific factors that lead to better adjustment of children of divorce. c. is wary about making blanket statements about a complex phenomenon such as divorce. d. has serious ethical and practical concerns. ANSWER: c 64. Research indicates that following a divorce, children may exhibit a. depression. b. nightmares. c. reduced physical health. d. all of the above. ANSWER: d 65. Which of the following statements about remarriage is NOT true? a. Adaptation to remarriage can be difficult for children. b. Divorce rates are lower for second than for first marriages. c. Roughly three quarters of divorced people eventually remarry. d. The average length of time between divorce and remarriage is 3– 4 years. b ANSWER: 66. Divorce rates for second marriages are a. higher than those for first marriages. b. lower than those for first marriages. c. the same as those for first marriages. d. different depending on the wife’s age at the time of the second marriag e. a ANSWER: 67. Which of the following is NOT true regarding the adjustment of stepchildren? a. They experience the stepfamily as less cohesive and warm than their original family. b. Their psychological adjustment is similar to that of children from single parent homes. c. The differences between child adjustment in stepfamilies and intact families are substantial. d. All of the above are true of stepchildren. d ANSWER: 68. The first stage of development in stepfamilies is a. fantasy. b. immersion. c. contact. ANSWER: d. mobilization. a 69. Bill is a gay male. His likelihood of being in a stable, long-term relationship is about a. 20%. b. 50%. c. 70%. d. 80%. ANSWER: b