The Language Of Anatomy Review Sheet Answer Key

REVIEW SHEET EXERCISE The Language of Anatomy Name: Answer Key Lab Time/Date: Regional Terms Describe completely the standard human anatomical position. The body is erect, feet slightly apart, head & toes pointed forward, arms hanging at sides, palms facing forward. Use the regional terms to correctly label the body regions indicated on the figures below. Left Figure (Anterior/Ventral): Otic Orbital Nasal Oral Mental Sternal Axillary Mammary Umbilical Pelvic Inguinal Pubic (Inguinal) Patellar Crural Checkbox: Thoracic (brown) Checkbox: Abdominal (brown) Checkbox: Back (Dorsum) (black) Acromial Brachial Antecubital Antebrachial Carpal Digital Coxal Tarsal Digital Hallux Right Figure (Posterior/Dorsal): Otic Occipital Scapular Vertebral Olecranal Lumbar Sacral Gluteal Pollex Femoral Popliteal Sural Fibular or Peroneal Calcaneal Plantar Directional Terms, Planes, and Sections Define plane: An imaginary surface or line that cuts through a body wall or organ. Several incomplete statements appear below. Correctly complete each statement by choosing the appropriate anatomical term from the choices. Use each term only once. anterior ✓ distal ✓ frontal ✓ inferior ✓ lateral ✓ medial ✓ posterior ✓ proximal ✓ sagittal ✓ superior ✓ transverse ✓ The thoracic cavity is superior to the abdominopelvic cavity. The trachea (windpipe) is anterior to the vertebral column. The wrist is proximal to the hand. If an incision cuts the heart into left and right parts, a sagittal plane of section was used. The nose is medial to the cheekbones. The thumb is lateral to the ring finger. The vertebral cavity is inferior to the cranial cavity. The knee is distal to the thigh. The plane that separates the head from the neck is the transverse plane. The popliteal region is posterior to the patellar region. The plane that separates the anterior body surface from the posterior body surface is the frontal plane. Correctly identify each of the body planes by writing the appropriate term on the answer line below the drawing. (a) Frontal/Coronal (b) Median/Midsagittal (c) Transverse Body Cavities Name the muscle that subdivides the ventral body cavity. The diaphragm Which body cavity provides the least protection to its internal structures? Abdominal cavity For the body cavities listed, name one organ located in each cavity. cranial cavity brain vertebral cavity spinal cord *= multiple answers For the body cavities listed, name one organ located in each cavity. thoracic cavity heart, lungs abdominal cavity stomach, intestines, liver, gallbladder, etc. pelvic cavity urinary bladder, reproductive organs, rectum mediastinum heart Name the abdominopelvic region where each of the listed organs is located. spleen left hypochondriac region urinary bladder pubic (hypogastric) region stomach (largest portion) epigastric region cecum right inguinal (iliac) region Explain how serous membranes protect organs from infection. They compartmentalize the organs in order to prevent infections from spreading. Which serous membrane(s) is/are found in the thoracic cavity? The pleura encloses the lungs and the pericardium surrounds the heart. Which serous membrane(s) is/are found in the abdominopelvic cavity? The peritoneum Using the key choices, identify the small body cavities described below. Key: a. middle ear cavity b. nasal cavity c. oral cavity d. orbital cavity e. synovial cavity d. 1. holds the eyes in an anterior-facing position a. 2. houses three tiny bones involved in hearing b. 3. contained within the nose c. 4. contains the tongue e. 5. surrounds a joint Name the body region that blood is usually drawn from. antecubital region A patient has been diagnosed with appendicitis. Use anatomical terminology to describe the location of the person's pain. Assume that the pain is referred to the surface of the body above the organ. right inguinal region Which body cavity would be opened to perform a hysterectomy? pelvic cavity Which smaller body cavity would be opened to perform a total knee joint replacement? synovial cavity An abdominal hernia results when weakened muscles allow the protrusion of abdominal structures, in the case of an inguinal hernia, parts of a serous membrane and the small intestine form the bulge. Which serous membrane is involved? the peritoneum