Biohazard Training Part 2

Exposure control plan (ECP)  The OSHA BBP Standard requires employers to develop written documents to explain how they will implement the standard, provide training to employees, and to eliminate or minimize occupational exposure to blood-borne pathogens to protect the health and safety of their workers.  The ECP must be tailored to the specific requirements of the institution; plans must be accessible to all employees, either on-line or in an area where they are available for review on all shifts. Exposure control plan (ECP)  The ECP includes:  Determination of employee exposure and  Implementation of various methods of exposure control, including: • Universal (Standard) precautions • Engineering and work practice controls • Personal protective equipment • Waste segregation, treatment and disposal, including sharps • Hepatitis B vaccination • Post-exposure evaluation and follow-up • Communication of hazards to employees and training • Recordkeeping: Training records, employee health records, exposure/incident records • Procedures for evaluating circumstances surrounding exposure incidents Exposure control plan (ECP) cont…  Administrative Controls:  Administrative controls, including risk assessments, are steps taken by supervisors and individual employees, including: • Conducting a risk assessment of the materials in use • Adhering to vaccination schedules and training schedules • Training personnel to handle specific infectious materials and their hazards • Promoting individual awareness of personal protective equipment use and engineering controls (sample containers) to minimize or eliminate potential exposure Exposure control plan (ECP) cont…  Sharps Precautions  You must exercise care when using needles, scalpels, glass pipettes and other sharp instruments or devices. Follow these rules of thumb when handling sharps: • Do not recap, bend, break, or otherwise manipulate used needles by hand. • Do not remove used needles from disposable syringes. • Place used sharps in labeled or color-coded punctureresistant, leak-proof, closable, sharps containers for disposal. • Do not overfill sharps containers. • Consider the use of alternative, non-sharps equipment whenever possible. Exposure control plan (ECP) cont…  Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)   Whenever you may be exposed to infectious materials you must wear the appropriate personal protective equipment. PPE places a barrier between you and potentially infectious material. Here are some basic rules to follow: • PPE should be readily accessible • Always wear PPE in exposure situations-Wear a lab coat, gloves and eye protection whenever splashing is imminent • Remove and replace PPE that is torn or punctured, or that loses its ability to function as a barrier to potentially infectious materials • Remove PPE before leaving the work area • Dispose of contaminated PPE properly-in biohazard containers Exposure control plan (ECP) cont…  Types (PPE):    of Personal Protective Equipment Gloves Protective clothing such as, but not limited to, gowns, aprons, lab coats, clinic jackets, or similar outer garments Eye protection devices, such as masks, goggles or glasses with solid side shields, or chin-length face shields Exposure control plan (ECP) cont…  Hand Hygiene  Most common mode of transmission of pathogens is via hands!  Often infections acquired in healthcare and research settings are due to not washing your hands.  Employees must wash their hands with soap and water: • immediately, or as soon as feasible, after removal of gloves or other PPE. • whenever they leave the work area, go on break, or before eating. • following contact with blood or other potentially infectious materials. Exposure control plan (ECP) cont…  Engineering  controls Containment is the concept of managing materials to reduce or eliminate potential exposures to personnel, the general public and the outside environment. • Primary containment consists of good microbiological techniques, appropriate vaccinations or immunizations, appropriate PPE and safety equipment. Exposure control plan (ECP) cont…  Engineering  Controls Needlestick Prevention: • Sharps disposal containers, self-sheathing needles, safer medical devices, such as sharps with engineered sharps injury protections and needleless systems are used to isolate or remove certain blood-borne pathogens hazards from the workplace. Accidents and Injuries  If you are exposed to blood or other potentially infectious or hazardous materials, follow these steps:  If you experience a needlestick or sharps injury, immediately wash needlesticks or cuts with soap and water.  Splashes to the nose, mouth, or skin should be flushed with water.  Irrigate eyes using eyewash, for 10 to 15 minutes.  Report the incident to your supervisor. Colorado State law requires you to notify your supervisor in writing within 4 days of an accident, injury or exposure.  Immediately seek medical treatment. Summary  Treat all human blood, bodily fluids and other potentially infectious materials as if they are infectious  There are 3 major Blood-borne pathogens: Hepatitis B, Hepatitis C and HIV.  The most common mode of transmission of pathogens is the hands  Wear proper PPE in exposure situations