University:
University of Pittsburgh
Course:
LSAT | Prep Course
Academic year:

2023
Views:

267

Pages:

2
Author:

mns81

LSAT PREP Sage Training – Week 4 All About Logic and Universal Quantifiers The Plan for Logic:    Big idea on the LSAT = Logic Two different types of Logic: o Causation:  Statistical Inferences Lawgic o Conditional Logic o Notion of validity o Ability to manipulate symbols in an abstract way according to the rules of conditional logic or existential quantifiers. Universal Quantifiers:     Relationships o Relationships between sufficient and necessary conditions o New language called lawgic. Expresses the idea of conditional logic by using logical indicators. There are four groups of logical indicators: o Translation rule and list o Learn about the translation rule and list. o Detour to talk about the word “or” o Final group of words in which they use to indicate conditional logic. Advanced logical indicators o Truth tables o How to tell apart “or” vs “not” or both o And/or in conditional statements o De Morgan’s law – how to take the contrapositive of and/or embedded in conditions. So What are Universal Quantifiers:    Conditional logic o Artificial language used to aid our understanding and manipulation of abstract ideas. o English, French, Chinese all languages Major relationship is between sufficient and necessary conditions. Ideas within logic Examples:   If you’re a cat, then you are a mammal. o What does is mean to say?  If you are a cat then you are a mammal. You go around the world and collect all the cats. As you look down into the universe your job is to find all the cats and collect them. Each of the cats will represent a little red dot. o First you go around and find Garfield and you pick him up and put him in your pocket. o As you walk around you find Hello Kitty, Princes Carolyn, and Sylvester and you put them in your pocket. o After grabbing all the cats, you put them all together. I tell you to put a pen around them and label this pen “C” for all the cats in the universe and no other cats exist out there. o The next thing you do is go around and look for all the mammals.  Saved a lot of trouble since you already collected all the cats, and all cats are mammals.  So, there is at least three items.  But there is also Snoopy, Lassie, Toto, and Bruiser, Me and You. We are all mammals, but we are not cats.