Human Geography Unit 3 Vocab

Unit 3 Vocab Acculturation occurs when an ethnic group or immigrant group moving to a new area adopts the values and practices of the large group that has received them while still maintaining valuable elements of their own culture Adherent believers in their faith Animism the belief that non-living objects, such as rivers or mountains, possess spirits Assimilation when an ethnic group can no longer be distinguished from the receiving group Artifacts physical creations created by a culture that reflects values, beliefs, and behaviors Built Environment humans have created physical artifacts as part of the landscape. ex. buildings, roads, signs, and fences Centrifugal Force an attitude that divides people and creates conflict Centripetal Force an attitude that tends to unify people and enhance support for a state Colonialism a type of imperialism in which people move into and settle on another country’s land Contagious Diffusion a type of expansion diffusion when all individuals and areas outward from the source region are affected Creole Language a language that, over time, is created by two or more languages mixed to create a new combined language Culture all groups learned behaviors, actions, beliefs, and objects; it can be learned because it develops through experienced Cultural Complex a series of interrelated traits Cultural Convergence cultures are becoming like each other and sharing more cultural traits Cultural Divergence the idea that culture may change over time as the elements of distance, time, physical separation, and modern technology create divisions and changes Cultural Hearths areas where civilizations first began that radiated the customs, innovations, and ideologies that culturally transformed the world Cultural Landscape also called a built environment; modifications of the natural landscape are done by human activities Cultural Realms larger areas that include several cultural regions Cultural Traits a single attribute of a culture Dialect a regional variety of languages distinguished by vocabulary, spelling, and pronunciation Diaspora occurs when one group of people is dispersed to various locations Ethnicity identity with a group of people that share distinct physical and mental traits as a product of common heredity and cultural traditions Ethnocentrism the practice of judging another culture by the standards of one’s own culture Expansion Diffusion the spread of a feature or trend among people from one area to another in an additive process Globalization increased the integration of the world economy since the 1970s Glocalization a form of syncretism that involves the creation of products or services from the global market by adapting them to the local cultures Hierarchical Diffusion type of expansion diffusion, when ideas and artifacts spread first between larger places or prominent people and only later to smaller places and less prominent people Isogloss a boundary that separates regions in which different language usages predominate Nativist anti-immigrant Pidgin Language a form of speech that adopts simplified grammar and limited vocabulary of lingua franca; used for communications among speakers of two different languages Relocation Diffusion the spread of a feature or trend through the bodily movement of people from one place to another Social Constructs ideas, concepts, or perceptions that have been created and accepted by people in society or societal groups and are not created by nature Stimulus Diffusion type of expansion diffusion, the basic idea, though maybe not the specific trait itself, diffuses within a population Taboo restriction on behavior imposed by social customs; these can change over time and from place to place Toponyms a name for a place; ex. frisco, or reedy high school