Human Migration Concepts Unit 2

AP HUG Term Spatial Mobility Social (upward) mobility migration migrant non–migrants Origin destination emigration/out–migration immigration/in–migration immigrants migration stream counterstream Net migration net migration rate (NMR) Migration age progile Brain Drain Brain Gain Push–pull theory of migration push factors pull factors Intervening obstacles intervening opportunity social networks Ravenstein's Laws Voluntary Migration international migration Guest worker Transnational migration internal migration/ interregional migration Great Migration Rural to Urban migration Residential mobility Step migration Definition All forms of geographical movement, including people's everyday commuting and travels. Change in social hierarchy Long–term relocation of individual, families, or communities from one place to another a person who migrates or moves People who do not move A person's location before migration The place the migrant is going the act of leaving a place the act of arriving to a new place People who arrive at their destination country the flow of all migrants from an origin to a destination the flow of all migrants in the direction opposite a particular migration stream The difference between the number of in–migrants and out– migrants shows the impact of migration on population change. Divide the country's net migration by total population, then multiplying by 1000 The relationship between the odds of migration and age across different countries when a country or place loses young, more educated, and skilled people through migration when a country or a place gains young, more educated, and skilled people through migration Theory asserting that two contrasting sets of factors are at work in migration decisions reasons why people want to leave Reasons why people want to come into a place The complications that potential migrants will need to overcome to reach their destination A nearby attractive locale where migrants may decide to settle instead of going to the intended destination farther away. People's friends and relatives 11 major "laws" migration tends to follow. Include: most migration is for economic reasons, mostly rural to urban. Migration that is done willingly When moves are made across international borders A person with temporary permission to work in another country When migrants move back and forth between their home countries and those to which they have migrated When people move within the borders of a country The 20th century movement of 6 million African Americans from the rural southern states to the cities of the midwestern and northeastern states When people move from the countryside to cities moves that occur within a metropolitan area Migration carried out in stages, usually from nearby to bigger and more distant places chain migration return migration Seasonal migration transhumanance Mobility transition model circulation forced migration Refugees Internally displaced person (IDP) Ethnic cleansing repatriation Diaspora Rohingya in Myanmar Syrian civil war Atlantic Slave Trade Mongolian herders Snowbirds New Great Migration Moving to be with your family Great Migration Bracero program Pastel's sister–in–law going back to Taiwan for 6 months to have a second child, before returning to the USA Hurricane Katrina Many Chinese immigrants go to New Zealand, settle there temporarily, then move to their final destination of Australia Paying $8,000 per person to be smuggled out of Syria on a boat Carole was on her way to northern Europe but found a job styling hair in France The process by which some people's migration to a new place leads their family members, friends, and others to move to the same place migrants going back, or returning, to their previous place of residence or origin migration based on the time of year a phenomenon where herders and their livestock move seasonally between their summer and winter pastures Connects migration to the DTM. 1) Premodern societies, 2) early transitional societies, 3) late transitional societies, 4) advanced societies short–term and cyclical movement that occurs repeatedly on a regular basis migration caused by forces out of one's control: disasters, social conflicts, developmental projects, slavery. people who leave their country because of persecution based on race, ethnicity, religion, nationality, or political opinion Someone who remains within his or her country's borders despite being persecuted by their home country the forced removal of one ethnic group by another ethnic group to create an ethnically consistent territory when refugees or displaced persons return to their home country Involuntary mass dispersions of a population from its home territory An example of ethnic cleansing An example of an armed conflict creating a large refugee population An example of forced migration example of transhumance An example of seasonal migration an example of return migration (Black Americans currently moving to the South from the North) An example of chain migration An example of rural–to–urban migration\nAND internal migration example of guest workers example of Transnational migration an example of a USA event that produced internally displaced people An example of step migration an example of a economic intervening obstacle an example of an economic intervening opportunity