University:
Yeshiva University
Course:
1005C | Human Biology
Academic year:

2022
Views:

247

Pages:

16
Author:

Davon Fischer

TISSUE STRUCTURE OBJECTIVES • Classify different tissues by their shape and number • Know the four different types of tissues • Compare and contrast different functions of tissues CLASSIFICATION • How many layers of cells? – Single – Simple – Multiple – Stratified • What is the shape of the cells? – Thin and Flat – Squamous – Square – Cuboidal – Columns – Columnar TISSUES • • • • Epithelium Connective Tissue Nervous Tissue Muscle Tissue EPITHELIUM • Thin layer of tissue that covers all free surfaces of the body – Includes skin and gastrointestinal tract • Simple Epithelium – Located in highly protected areas where maximum absorption is needed • Digestive System • Stratified Epithelium – Located in ares where there is friction with the environment • Skin TYPES OF EPITHELIUM CONNECTIVE TISSUE • Provides the structural framework of an animal • All Connective Tissue Includes – Wandering cells – Fixed cells – Ground substance WANDERING CELLS • Ameboid cells that can freely move within CT – Macrophages • White blood cells • Consume foreign material – Mast cells • Release histamines incase of inflamation • Abundant at the injury site FIXED CELLS • Cells that are somewhat anchored within the CT – Fibroblast – determines density of the CT • Primary function is to produce fibrous proteins to reinforce the amorphous structure GROUND SUBSTANCE • A viscous solution consisting primarliy of proteins linked to carbohydrates • Important in lubricating joints in the form of synovial fluid • Density determined by number of fibrous proteins TYPES OF CONNECTIVE TISSUE • • • • Loose – flexible Dense Specialized – blood and lymph Supportive – bones and cartilage LOOSE CT • Highly porous and flexible • Provides structure for blood vessels and nerves • Highly vascularized • Not very strong DENSE CT • Maximum strength with little flexibility • Tendons that are connected to muscle • Two types – Regular – resists force from one directions – Irregular – resists force from multiple directions SPECIALIZED • Adipose tissue – Storage of triglycerides – Highly vascularized • Blood and Lymph – Blood delivers nutrients to tissues – Lymph filters and returns the plasma to the circulatory system – Very little structure SUPPORTIVE • Cartilage – Hyaline • trachea – Elastic • ear – Fibrocartilage • Between vertebrae • Bone – Spongy • Inside the bone – Compact • Outside the bone CARTILAGE • Hyaline – Densely packed with collagen fibers and provides rigid but flexible features • Elastic – More elastin fibers with some collagen provides maximum flexibility • Fibrocartilage – Extreme form of hyaline cartilage. Very little ground substance

Tissue Structure Chapter 1

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