Abnormal Psychology - Apprehension about the Future

Which of the following characterizes the mood- apprehension about the future state known as anxiety? Anxiety is closely related to which of the depression following psychological disorders? "I've got to get out of here right now, or I may fear reaction not make it!" This statement is most likely to be said by someone experiencing a(n): The "flight or fight" response that is triggered autonomic by anxiety primarily involves the **** nervous system. According to the textbook, the experience of immediate emotional reaction fear can be described as a(n): to danger People behave best when they are: When people are anxious they: a little anxious know it is irrational, but can't help it Anxiety is thought to be a(n) *** state future oriented; immediate while fear is more ***. Which of the following is not a basic type of situation inevitable panic attack? Fear activates a: surge of autonomic energy so we can flee Research suggests that we inherit a tendency caused by multiple genes to be tense which is: Which of the following brain areas is not closely hypothalamus associated with anxiety? The behavioral inhibition system is activated by brain stem signals from the: Research suggests that anxiety is more likely to smoked as a teen develop in adults if they: Studies suggest that parents can protect their let children explore the world child from anxiety if they: and deal with the unexpected A child who is afraid of dogs because their specific psychological father was afraid of dogs is said to have a: vulnerability Research suggests that anxiety and depression co-occur frequently: Mrs. Pan has an anxiety disorder in which she situationally predisposed has occasional panic attacks when shopping at the mall. This type of panic attack is referred to as: Which type of panic attack is most closely situationally bound related to phobias? According to the DSM-IV-TR criteria, the 10 symptoms of a panic attack develop abruptly and reach a peak within **** minute(s). Physiological assessments of panic attacks stomach contractions recorded in the laboratory indicate an increase in all of the following EXCEPT: Evidence now suggests that agoraphobic severe panic attacks avoidance behavior is one component of: Panic attack studies suggest that men: consume alcohol to deal with panic attacks Panic attacks tend to occur most often: during deep sleep between 1:30 and 3:30 a.m. People with a psychological vulnerability to catastrophize panic attacks tend to **** normal physical sensations: The purpose of creating mini panic attacks in allow the patient to develop Panic Control Treatment Therapy is to: alternative attitudes about the feared situation Cognitive behavioral therapy in conjunction significantly increase with medication tends to **** the effect of a panic attack: Which of the following is an accurate statement An inherited tendency can about anxiety? make us tense or uptight. Which of the following neurotransmitter corticotropin releasing factor systems is associated not only with anxiety, but (CRF) system also with depression? The area of the brain most often associated limbic system with anxiety is the: According to Jeffrey Gray, a British arising from both the brain neuropsychologist, the behavioral inhibition stem and the cortex system (BIS) is activated by danger signals ****, resulting in the experience of anxiety. According to recent research (Johnson et al., smoked 20 or more cigarettes 2000), an increased risk of developing anxiety daily disorders was found among teenagers who: The recent research by Johnson et al. (2000) on sensitivity of brain circuits can cigarette smoking by teenagers indicates the be affected by environmental possibility that: factors Recent research by Barlow (2002) and others one's sense of control over indicates that vulnerability to anxiety disorders environmental events is related to: At the time of assessment of an anxiety 55% disorder, **** of patients should have at least one other anxiety or depressive disorder. Which of the following terms is most associated worry with generalized anxiety disorder (GAD)? All of the following are symptoms of generalized hypersomnia anxiety disorder (GAD) EXCEPT: Research studies have found that generalized the elderly anxiety disorder (GAD) is particularly prevalent among: Which physiological measure consistently increased muscle tension distinguishes individuals with generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) from non-anxious normal subjects? Findings from cognitive science combined with sense of control over life biological data indicate that the developmental events model for generalized anxiety disorder includes all of the following EXCEPT: For generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) the typical pharmacological treatment of choice has been the category of drugs known as: benzodiazepines Which of the following is the basic syndrome generalized anxiety disorder that characterizes every anxiety disorder? People with GAD tend to worry about: Which of the following people living in the mostly about minor things a 50 year old woman United States is most likely to develop GAD? Research suggests that people with generalized without images but try to avoid anxiety disorder (GAD) worry: the associated negative affect Barlow and others (1992) have developed a confront anxiety-provoking cognitive-behavioral treatment for generalized thoughts and images anxiety disorder (GAD) that helps the patient: Agoraphobic avoidance behavior appears to be the extent to which the person determined by: expects another panic attack to occur Which of the following is an accurate statement Most individuals with panic about panic disorder with or without disorder will also avoid internal agoraphobia? sensations that produce physiological arousal. Nocturnal panic attacks generally occur when deeply asleep an individual is: The phenomenon known as "isolated sleep African-Americans paralysis" is most likely to occur in **** who suffer from panic disorder. Agoraphobia, which has come to mean "fear of marketplace going out," derives from the Greek word agora, meaning: A teenage girl had recently been having panic The physical sensations attacks while shopping at the mall. She was experienced during exercise sitting in her room feeling very depressed. To had become an internal cue for cheer her up, a friend suggested that they both panic to occur. go to an exercise class. Shortly after the warmup started, however, she had another panic attack. What is the best explanation for this occurrence? An individual who suffers from panic disorder might become anxious about climbing stairs, conditioned stimuli exercising or being in hot rooms because these activities produce sensations similar to those accompanying a panic attack. In psychological terms, the exercise and hot rooms have become: In a study on anxiety by Ehlers and Breuer more accurate (1992), patients with panic disorder and others in a control group were asked to estimate how fast their hearts were beating. Since individuals with panic disorder pay close attention to their internal somatic sensations, you would correctly predict that they were **** than the control group in estimating heart rate. In treating panic disorder, all of the following opiates types of medications are used EXCEPT: What is one factor that distinguishes between exposure to the interoceptive traditional exposure-based treatments for panic sensations associated with disorder and the more recent panic control panic attacks treatment (PCT) developed at one of Barlow's clinics? Which of the following procedures is NOT part reducing agoraphobic of Barlow's panic control treatment (PCT)? avoidance by exposure to feared situations In a major double-blind NIMH research study all of these looking at the separate and combined effects of both psychological and drug treatments (Barlow et al., 2000), patients were randomized into five different treatment conditions including: A relative of yours who suffers from panic panic control treatment that disorder asks you what treatment would have includes cognitive behavioral the most long-lasting benefits. Since you have therapy (CBT) just read about the double-blind NIMH research study evaluating psychological treatments with and without medication, you tell your relative to first try: All of the following are characteristics common decreased arousal of the to specific phobias EXCEPT: autonomic nervous system Phobic reactions to all of the following are animals included in the natural environment subtype of specific phobias with the exception of: Although blood-injury-injection phobia is one of blood pressure and heart rate the specific phobias, it differs in regard to: In the type of specific phobia called "blood- a decrease in blood pressure injury-injection," there is an inherited vasovagal response and a tendency to faint due to: Which of the following is NOT an example of a animal phobia situational phobia? The main difference between situational phobia people with situational phobia and panic disorder with agoraphobia (PDA) is: never experience panic attacks outside the context of the phobic situation According to your textbook, there are at least having a nightmare about a three ways of developing a phobia. Which is feared situation NOT one of these ways? You are told about a child who has shown the child's age behavior consistent with "separation anxiety." In order to determine if the child actually has a disorder or whether the behavior is normal, you would first need to know: Although illness phobia resembles are fearful of acquiring a hypochondria, it differs in that persons with disease illness phobias: People with blood-injection-injury phobias tend decreased blood pressure to respond to such stimuli with: During the 1990s illness phobia has become HIV/AIDS more prevalent due the increasing numbers of people who had: The Latin term globus hystericus is another choking phobia name for: A psychological disorder in children separation anxiety characterized by unrealistic and persistent worry that something will happen to the parents and that may result in refusal to leave home is called: In the general population approximately **** of 11% people have specific fears severe enough to be diagnosed as phobias. Which of the following is a correct match age 10: evaluation by others, between "normal" childhood fears and the anxiety over physical approximate age of onset? appearance A culture-bound syndrome in Chinese cultures wearing layers of clothing called Pa-leng (or sometimes "frigo phobia") often results in the sufferer: According to your textbook, new techniques year have made it possible to treat some phobias effectively in one: In regard to treatment of specific phobias, Exposure-based exercises which of the following statements is correct? actually change brain functioning. Which of the following would NOT be An individual who cannot travel considered an example of social phobia? on public transportation without a family member present. According to research by Kessler et al., (1994), 13% as many as **** of the general population suffer from social phobia at some point in their lives. Which of the following is the most prevalent social phobia psychological disorder in the general population? Unlike most of the anxiety disorders in which social phobia female sufferers predominate, the sex ratio is almost equal in: The anxiety disorder called social phobia, involving anxiety about being evaluated or criticized, usually begins during: adolescence In Japan, the anxiety syndrome termed taijin personally offending others kyo fusho involves a fear of: Research by Lundh (1996) demonstrated that critical and angry social phobics presented with pictures of faces were more likely to remember **** expressions. Which of the following drugs received FDA Paxil approval in 1999 as a treatment for social phobia? When diagnosing separation anxiety in children, all of the above clinicians must: A friend stated that when she went to a clinic, panic disorder she had to spend 30 to 60 second sessions shaking her head from side to side, spinning in a chair, tensing all her muscles, hyperventilating, or breathing through a narrow straw. She is surprised that you correctly guessed that she is receiving treatment for: The setting for posttraumatic stress disorder to paranoia occur follows an experience accompanied by a triad of feelings, including all of the following EXCEPT: Individuals suffering from posttraumatic stress decreased startle response and disorder (PTSD) display a characteristic set of chronic under-arousal symptoms including all of the following EXCEPT: Following the tragedy at the World Trade Center agoraphobia in New York City on 9/11/01, more than 100 children who lived near the scene later developed: Which of the following is an accurate statement Acute stress disorder was about posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD)? included as a DSM-IV diagnosis so early severe reactions to trauma could receive health insurance coverage for immediate treatment. In a study by Kilpatrick et al. (1985) concerning women who had experienced traumatic events, rape the most profound emotional impact, including suicidal ideation or attempts, occurred following: Veterans returning home to the United States absence of social support after the end of the war in Vietnam experienced a high rate of posttraumatic stress disorder due in part to: Although the "alarm reactions" experienced in false both PTSD and panic disorder are very similar and result in conditioned responses, in panic disorder the alarm is: Which of the following is an accurate statement Victims of PTSD often repress about factors affecting treatment for PTSD? memories of the traumatic event. An individual with acute stress disorder is likely all of the above to be exhibiting: Which of the following people is most likely to a man who is very angry and develop PTSD? blaming about a traumatic experience Physiologically, PTSD appears to be related to the hippocampus which damage to: disrupts learning and memory One difference between panic disorders and in a panic attack the alarm is PTSD is: false, while in PTSD the initial alarm is true Obsessive-compulsive disorder is often visual hallucinations accompanied by all of the following EXCEPT: Actions, or sometimes thoughts, that an rituals individual with OCD uses to reduce anxiety are called: The compulsions that an individual with OCD behavioral or mental uses to suppress disastrous consequences or ward off intrusive thoughts can be either: In regard to the anxiety disorder known as OCD, which of the following would NOT be an example of a behavioral compulsion? counting In regard to OCD, when the term "magical" is the compulsions have no used to refer to compulsive acts, it means: logical relation to the obsessions In a 1986 study by Jenike et al., it was found contamination that the most common obsessions in a group of 100 patients were related to: In regard to the obsessions seen in patients keeping things in perfect order with OCD, the term "need for symmetry" refers to: In OCD, certain types of obsessions lead to sexual obsessions: checking certain types of compulsions. From the following choose the one that is a correct match between an obsession and its consequent rituals. Richard, whose case is described in the magical textbook, was obsessed with the idea that if he did not eat in a certain ritualistic way, he would become possessed. This is an aspect of OCD that is termed: In the case of Richard, the patient with OCD ward off an imagined disaster described in the textbook, he was compelled to take very small steps as he walked and to look back repeatedly. As with other types of checking compulsions, Richard was trying to: Normal, ordinary people who have occasional become anxious about having intrusive thoughts with bizarre, sexual or additional intrusive thoughts aggressive content, would not be considered to have OCD unless they find the thoughts unacceptable or even dangerous and also: In regard to a type of thinking pattern found in believing that thinking about some patients with OCD, which of the following an abortion is the moral would be an example of thought-action fusion? equivalent of having an abortion A young child has thoughts about hating her younger brother and wishing he would die. She becomes very anxious about these thoughts thought-action fusion because she has developed the idea that if anything really happened to him, it would be her fault. This pattern of thinking is called: Tony has thoughts about hating his younger a mental compulsion brother and wishing he would die. He becomes developed to neutralize his bad very anxious about these thoughts because he thoughts has developed the idea that if anything really happened to his brother, it would be his fault. For no explainable reason, Tony starts mentally counting by odd numbers each time he walks past his brother's room and discovers that this activity makes him less anxious. Tony's behavior can be described as: What happens when persons with OCD attempt The frequency of the obsessive to neutralize or suppress disturbing, intrusive thoughts increases. thoughts? According to several cross-cultural research very similar across cultures studies reported in the textbook, the prevalence of OCD is: According to research studies reported in the attitudes of inflated textbook, persons with OCD who hold responsibility fundamentalist religious beliefs often present with: The model of the etiology of obsessive- both biological and compulsive disorder suggests that in order for psychological vulnerabilities an individual to develop OCD, **** must be present. In regard to pharmacological treatments for serotonin obsessive-compulsive disorder, the most effective drugs are those that inhibit the reuptake of the neurotransmitter called: The behavioral process in which OCD patients exposure and ritual prevention are not permitted to carry out their compulsions while in the presence of the anxiety producing stimulus or situation is called: Which of the following is an example of the Carrie has an obsessive fear of treatment technique for OCD called exposure contamination which has led to and ritual prevention (ERP)? compulsive hand washing rituals. Her therapist is treating her by making her touch dirty laundry but not allowing her to wash for increasingly longer periods of time afterwards. Research studies have shown that combining does not produce any exposure and ritual prevention (ERP) with additional therapeutic medication when treating patients with OCD: advantage Overall it can be concluded that the only as well as the individual combination of medical and psychological treatments interventions for anxiety work: D-cycloserine is a drug that seems to act to work in the: amygdala to diminish anxiety