Abnormal Behavior in History

Abnormal Behavior in History Understanding Psychopathology • what is a psychological disorder Abnormal behavior defined -a psychological dysfunction associated with Significant distress/impairment in functioning that is not typical or cutturally expected the diagnostic and Statistical manual-5th ed. text revision (Dsm-5) • difficult to distinguish normal from alonormal Defining Psychological Disorders. •1) psychological dysfunction breakdown in cognitive, emotional, or behavioral functioning • 2) personal distress/impairment - difficulty performing appropriate and expected roles impaired functioning in one or more areas •3) atypical or not culturally expected responses reaction is outside Cultural norms • each criterion Separately is not sufficient to warrant diagnosis Case Study Mark frequently Checks his srove at home to make Sure that he has turned it off. he also has a marked fear of "germs" and will shower for up to 3 hours at a time. Mark frequently misses work due to his long showers and stove Checking sessions Mark is highly distressed by this "need" さ engage in these activities Understanding Psychopathology. • the field of psychopathology: -Scientific study of psychological disorders • Studied by many different professionals - psychologists (Clinical and Counseling), psychiatrists, Clinical and psychiatric Social workers, etc. • the Science of psychology - Scientific training - Clinical training integrate both into practice Scientist-Practitioner Model • a Scientific approach to clinical work receive training as a Scientist and a clinician • use Sound, empirically derived treatment (exis) - evidence based or empirically Supported tx's - motivated by science and theory Being A Scientist Practitioner • Consumer of Science - keeping up with literouture and using most current tx's • evaluator of science - does tx work? use effective tx for patients' benefit - may have to justify using tx to insurance co's • Creator of Science - Conduct +x outcome studies for new or already established treatments Research and Psychological Disorders. Research and Psychological Disorders Studying psychological disorders Clinical description Causastion (etiology) Treatment and outcome Clinical Description •presenting problem •why did client seek treatment? - - Symptoms behaviors, thoughts, feelings "Syndrome. Cluster or pattern of symptoms prevalence - how many in the population as a whole have the disorder? • incidence •Statistics on the new cases in a given period (yr) Onset - acute (Sudden) vs. insidious (gradual) Course or pattern of disorder - episodic, time-limited, or chronic prognosis-anticipated outcome good vs. guarded (not hopeful) vs. poor Causation, Treatment, and Outcome etiology -What contributes to the development (cause) of the disorder? biological, psychological, Social factors • treatment development how can we help alleviate psychological suffering? includes pharmacologic, psychosocial, and/or combined treatments - Knowing about txs may give insight about eriology Historical Conceptions of Albnormal Behavior • three dominant traditions Supernatural - biological psychological The Supernatural Tradition deviant behavior as a battle of of good vs. evil - attributed dysfunction to demonic possessions, evilness, witchcraft, Sorcery - tx's included exorcism, torture, beatings, and crude Surgeries -theories continued into 15th century the moon and the Stars Paracelsus (1493-1541) luna is latin for moon = "lunatic"/astrology •hysteria