University:
York University
Course:
HH/PSYC 3140 | Abnormal Psychology
Academic year:

2024
Views:

98

Pages:

3
Author:

Nick T.

The Field of Neuroscience "understanding role of nervous system in disease, behawior, thoughts, emotions • branches of human nervous System (CNS) the central nervous system (CNS) brain and spinal cord the peripheral nervous system (PNS) somatic and autonomic branches Somatic Nervous System. •Somatic nervous System Set of nerves that conveys information into and out of the CINS Conscious control over their system ex: reaching for cup of coffee Autonomic Nervous System" • autonomic nervous system Set of nerves that Carries involuntary and automatic commands that control blood vessels, body organs, and glands regulates bodily functions that are out of our conscious control two divisions sympathetic and parasympathetic Sympathetic Nervous System Set of nerves that prepare the body for action in threatening Situations arousing what happens? pupils dilate heart rate increases - respiration increases (more oxygen to muscies) - blood flow goes to brain and muscles Sweat gland activate to cool body Inhibits Salivation bowel movements Immune responses - responses to pain and injury • help you escape!!! Parasympathetic Nervous System •returns body to a normal resting state • what happens? opposite of sympathetic nervous system pupils constrict heart rates slows respiration Slows blood goes to digestive system Sweat glands become less active Neuroscience and the Central Nervous System. • the neuron - Soma: cell body - dendrites: branches that receive messages from other neurons -axon: trunk of neuron that sends messages to other neurons Axon terminals: buds at end of axon from which chemical messages are sent Synapses: small gaps that separate neurons - neuron: individual nerve cell that transmit information Neurotransmitters (NT's) • the chemical messengers between nerve cells "excess or deficiency of neurotransmitters is linked to specific psychological disorders • almost all drug therapies alter NT's agonists increase its activity by mimicking effects antagonists decrease or block NTS Inverse agonists produce effects opposite of those produced by NTS Changes in NT activity linked to increased or decreased likelihood of exhibiting a behavior, but not directly causing it • disturbed functioning associated with interactions of multiple NTs, not just altered activity in one NT • NTS implicated "altered" in psychopathologies Serotonin GABIA (gamma-aminobutyric acid) - norepinephrine dopamine - glutamate