University:
York University
Course:
HH/PSYC 3140 | Abnormal Psychology
Academic year:

2024
Views:

295

Pages:

3
Author:

Nick T.

Anxiety, Trauma, and Obsessive Compulsive Related Disorders The Complexity of Anxiety Disorders •anxiety "a negative mood state Characterized by bodily Symptoms of physical tension and by apprehension about the future *inability to predict or control future events Can be helpful... how? * anxiety curve: too much or too little can be problematic Closely related to depression •fear immediate alarm reaction to current danger (s) or life-threatening emergencies activates autonomic nervous system * fight or flight response * Serves for protection and Survival Panic a "False alarm" *Sudden overwhelming fright or terror Panic attacks abrupt experience of intense fear or discomfort paired with physical symptoms (eg., dizziness, increased heart rate, Shortness of breath, chest pain) Situationally bound- "whenever I'm at a party" unexpected "out of the blue" Situationally predisposed - "more likely when I cross a bridge" Causes (multi-dimensional) biological "inherited tendency to react to negative environmental Stimuli *polygenetic contributions behavioral inhibition System for anxiety -activated by signals from brain Stem or cortex, leading us to freeze "also receives information from amygdara • fight/flight System for panic originate in brain Stem, travels thru mid-lorain Stimulation results in alarm-escape response possibly activated by deficiency in serotonin Psychological Contributions learned responses "belief that events are uncontrollasole and dangerous (learned helplessness) Classical Conditioning Operant Conditionin Cues provoke the fear response of an assumption of danger, whether or not danger is actually present • an extreme emotional response is paired with cues internal cues: increased heart rate or respiration-interpret as pathological external cues: places or situations Similar to those where panic attacks occurred Cognitive distortions Psychological-Parenting Factors • learned sense of (un)Controllability in childhood related to vulnerability to anxiety Control over their environment lack of control - overprotective, overintrusive don't let them experience or cope w/adversity Social Contributions Stressors can trigger biological and psychological vulnerabilities • reactions to stress runs in family both inherited response and learned response (modeling or operantly conditioned) integrated model "triple vulnerability theory Integrated model • triple vulnerability theory generalized biological vulnerability * inherited tendency to benave a certain way generalized psychological vulnerability *general beliefs about world as uncontrollable, dangerous, unpredictable Specific psychological vulnerability * learn from experience (by parents) that some specific Situations/events are dangerous eg..cars, fire, water The Anxiety Disorders: An Overview generalized anxiety disorder panic disorder with and without agprapnobia Specific probias • Social anxiety alisorder (Social phobia)