University:
York University
Course:
HH/PSYC 3140 | Abnormal Psychology
Academic year:

2022
Views:

456

Pages:

2
Author:

Alexa Livingston

Module 45 45-1 Lifespan, with Developmental Psychology Developmental psychology: scientific physical, cognitive & social development across the life span. Focus: nature & nurture: inheritance | genetics and experiences continuity & stages: what parts are gradual & continuous; what parts change abruptly in stages? stability & change: what traits stay through our life? what changes? Nature & Nurture Genes predispose both our shared humanity & our individual differences Interrelationships = interaction biological psychological social cultural forces (continuing) stages Laurence Kohlberg Preconventional morality Conventional morality Postconventional morality Erik Erikson Basic trust Autonomy Initiative Competence Identity Intimacy Integrity Jean Piaget Sensorimotor (0-2 yr) Preoperational (2-6/7 yr) Concrete operational (7-11 yr) Formal operational (12 yr-adult) Stability & Change Temperament: our emotional reactivity & intensity; stable Social attitudes: less stable Life requires both stability & change Identity Drive 45-2 Prenatal Development Zygote: fertilized egg mitotic cells - placenta mitotic cells - embryo (developing human organism; 2 weeks after fertilization) Fetus: 9 weeks, developing human; 9 wks - birth ZYGOTE conception-2 weeks -> EMBRYO 2-9 weeks -> FETUS 9 weeks-birth Teratogens: chemicals & viruses that can get to embryo/fetus & cause harm "monster makers" FETAL ALCOHOL SYNDROME: mental/physical abnormalities caused by a pregnant woman's drinking can cause out of proportion facial or head features even light drinking! 45-3 Newborns Habituation - decreasing responsiveness w/ repeated stimulation Infants are used to an environment & interest wanes Infants focus on face not body Babies are born with sensory equipment & reflexes that facilitate their survival & social interactions w/ adults Module 46 Infancy & Childhood Physical Development 46-1 Brain & Motor Skills Maturation - biological growth processes that enable changes in behavior Relatively uninfluenced by experience Nature Brain development 3-6 yrs frontal lobe grows Motor development Roll over -> sit -> crawl -> walk Genes guide motor development The brains nerve cells are sculpted by heredity and experience Interconnections multiply rapidly after birth & continue until puberty 46-2 Infant Memory Infantile amnesia - can't remember first three years (UNCONSCIOUSLY) What the conscious mind does not know / cannot express in words, the nervous system somehow remembers Big major brain areas have not been developed