Mitosis and Meiosis Answer to Lab

Mitosis and Meiosis Worksheet Mitosis 1. If the diploid number of chromosomes in a cell is 16 and the cell divides by using mitosis, how many chromosomes will be present in each of the new daughter cells? 2. Use the information in the Background section to identify the phases of mitosis for the cells in the figure below. 1. ___ __ ___________ 2. __ _____ _________ 3. _____ ____________ 4. _ ____ ___________ 5. __________________ 6. __________________ 3. Arrange the following stages of the cell cycle in the correct order (1 through 6). _________ metaphase _________ cytokinesis _________ interphase _________ anaphase _________ telophase _________ prophase 4. Use the following terms to fill in the blanks below. x x x x x x centromere mitotic spindle equator cytokinesis sister chromatids chromosomes cleavage furrow During metaphase, chromosomes line up along the ____ ________ of the cell. The two ___________________ are held together with a _________________. _______________ refers to the division of the cytoplasm into two daughter cells. Genetic information in cells is contained in structures called ________________. During anaphase, part of the ____________________ can be seen attached to the centromere of each sister chromatid. The constricted appearance of the cell membrane prior to the formation of two daughter cells in animals is called the __________________. 5. Draw your observations of cells as seen under the microscope. Be sure to label the following, if present: chromosomes, mitotic spindle, equator, cleavage furrow, cell membrane, and nuclear membrane. Meiosis 6. In humans, where in the body does meiosis occur in males? Where does it occur in females? Table 1. Traits on your female jack jumper ant’s chromosomes. Bead Color or Shape Gene Alleles Maternal Allele Paternal Allele Trait Purple Solid = F Striped = f F F Head size Orange Solid = H Striped = h h h Hairy body Yellow Solid = E Striped = e E e Eye color Blue Solid = R Striped = r Eye shape Green Solid = A Striped = a Antenna length Red Solid = B Striped = b Body color White Solid = G Striped = g Head color Pink Solid = L Striped = l Leg color Black Solid = N Striped = n Venom Production Centromere To submit this assignment, students will complete the Lab Worksheet on pages 10-16, then upload their completed document as a DOC or PDF file in Canvas 7. Combine your maternal and paternal alleles from Table 1 to determine your genotypes for each trait and record them in Table 2 below. Use the key in Table 2 to determine the phenotype your imaginary organism has for each trait and record the phenotype in Table 2. Table 2. Your female jack jumper ant’s traits. Trait Your Genotype Head size FF Hairy body hh Your Phenotype FF : large Ff : medium ff : small HH or Hh : not hairy large hairy hh : hairy EE or Ee : black Eye color black Ee ee : white RR or Rr : oval Eye shape rr : round Centromere Antenna length Body color AA : long antenna Aa : medium antenna aa : short antenna BB : black Bb : brown bb : red GG or Gg : gold Head color gg : black LL or Ll : orange Leg color Venom Production ll : black NN or Nn : venomous nn : not venomous To submit this assignment, students will complete the Lab Worksheet on pages 10-16, then upload their completed document as a DOC or PDF file in Canvas 8. Imagine that your female jack jumper ant’s maternal and paternal chromosomes are in a cell. a. What is the diploid number of chromosomes in this cell? b. How many chromosomes came from each of your jack jumper ant’s parents? c. How many traits are represented on your jack jumper ant’s chromosomes? d. How many alleles are present on your jack jumper ant’s chromosomes? 9. Using a single line (l) to represent a chromosome and two crossed lines (X) to represent two sister chromatids joined together into a single chromosome, diagram the arrangement of your female jack jumper ant’s chromosomes through the process of meiosis. 10. Using your completed diagram from Question 8, answer the following questions associated with meiosis I: a. What is the number of chromosomes in each Meiosis I daughter cell? b. Does this number represent the diploid or haploid chromosome number? c. What happened to the maternal and paternal chromosomes from the original parent cell? d. Are the two Meiosis I daughter cells genetically identical? Explain your answer. 11. Using your completed diagram from Question 7, answer the following questions associated with meiosis II: a. The original parent cell in your meiosis simulation had two alleles for each trait. How many alleles for each trait are in each Meiosis II daughter cell now? b. Are your Meiosis II daughter cells diploid or haploid? c. Are the four Meiosis II daughter cells genetically identical? Explain your answer. 12. Combine the egg chromosome and the sperm chromosome to form a jack jumper ant “zygote” and determine the genotype and phenotype for each trait in this “offspring” organism. Record the results in Table 3 below. Table 3. Fertilized Jack Jumper Ant Egg Genotype Phenotype Bead Color or Shape Gene Alleles Egg Allele Sperm Allele Purple Solid = F Striped = f F F Orange Solid = H Striped = h h H Yellow Solid = E Striped = e E E Blue Solid = R Striped = r Centromere Green Solid = A Striped = a Red Solid = B Striped = b White Solid = G Striped = g Pink Solid = L Striped = l Black Solid = N Striped = n