European History The Age of Absolutism

University:
California State University, Northridge
Course:
HIST 111 | World History Since 1500
Academic year:

2022
Views:

95

Pages:

3
Author:

Leland Liu

The Age of Absolutism ● Strong monarchies from ○ Centralize the government - The King and his ministers have most of the Power ○ Collect taxes effectively ○ Keep a permanent and professional army that drills year round and has advanced technology ● Hugo Gratius 1525 France- Treaty of Alais-1629= the Huguenots lose their rights Louis XIV “The Sun King” 1643-1715 ● The strongest monarch of the age ○ Longest reign of ant monarch in history that we know about (72 years) ● Complete control over the government ● Absolute Monarch- “ I am the nation” ● Takes away all power from the nobles ● Builds the Versailles Palace ● Fights endless wars - in Europe and North America against England ○ Nine Years War also known as the King William’s War ○ War of the Spanish succession (1701-1715) ■ Gets his son on the throne of Spain ● Raises huge taxes ● Bankrupts the country- France weal ● Peace of Utrecht Strong Monarchies ● Austria- under the Hapsburg family ● Prussia- under the Hohenzollern family ● Sweden ● Poland ○ The Polish Lithuanian Commonwealth ○ Most powerful state in Eastern Europe until 1600’s ■ Cossacks (nomads in Ukraine region) revolt and devastate Poland in 1648 ■ Russia and sweden invade in 1655 ○ Weak monarchy due to democracy ■ Weak king ■ Nobles vote in sejm ( parliament) = anyone can suspend the meeting and must be a complete census ■ Poland declines ● Russia- Peter the Great ○ Tries to make Russia copy the rest of Europe and become European ■ Studies European military, technology, and Fashion ○ Makes a modern army capable of standing up to European armies ○ Great Northern War - conquers the Baltic from Sweden and Poland and gets access to the Sea ■ Makes Russia’s first navy and European style capital at St.Petersburg ○ Treaty of Nystad 1721 = Peter gives up Finland but gains the Baltic Ottoman begins decline ● 1683-Polish Kings Jay Sobieski defends Vienna from siege by the Ottomans (the siege of Vienna) ○ Charges down from the outside the city with his calvary ● 1699- Allied European army takes back most of Hungary Colonization and Trade ● Dutch and English dominate world trade ○ Slave trade from Africa ● All the European powers make plantations to farm sugar in South America and the Carribean ○ Use slaves from Africa ○ Huge source of money ● English and French colonize North America (1600s) ○ English:Virginia, New england ○ French : Canada ● Dutch East India Company = sell stocks/ shares of the company ○ Held bank of Amsterdam Samuel De Champlain French colonies- trading posts with Indians- trade fur

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