University:
Cameron University
Course:
1004 | General Biology
Academic year:

2022
Views:

293

Pages:

15
Author:

5CelestialChronicle

Day 1 ~ Biology EOC Panther Run Energy & Life The chart below shows key terms from the lesson with their definitions. Complete the chart by writing a strategy to help you remember the meaning of each term. One has been done for you. Term Definition How I'm Going to Remember the Meaning Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) Compound that cells use to store and release energy ATP makes a cell able to do work. Autotroph A living thing that makes its own food Auto = means "self"; Autotroph feeds itself. Heterotroph A living thing that gets its food by consuming other living things Hetero = means "other"; Heterotroph relies on other organisms for food. Photosynthesis Process by which autotrophs use sunlight, water, and carbon dioxide to produce carbohydrates and oxygen "Photo" means "light"; Photosynthesis uses light to make its products. ATP as a Charged Battery An analogy takes two things that seem to be different and shows how they can be similar. How is a partially charged battery like ADP? ADP can be recharged + so can a weak battery. Why do cells contain only a small amount of ATP? A. ATP cannot store large amounts of energy for a long time. B. ATP releases energy too quickly. C. ATP cannot carry out active transport. D. ATP has only two phosphate groups. **Compare/Contrast Table** Use a compare/contrast table when you want to see the similarities and differences between two or more objects or processes. As you read, place an “X” in the box next to characteristics that are true of an autotroph or a heterotroph. One has been done for you. | Feature | Autotroph | Heterotroph | |---|---|---| | Directly uses sunlight for energy | X | | | An oak tree is an example | X | | | A mushroom is an example | | X | | Makes its own food | X | | | Consumes other living things to get energy | | X | | Is capable of photosynthesis | X | | **Chemical Energy and ATP** Living things use chemical fuels. One of the most important compounds that cells use to store and release energy is ATP. **Follow the directions. Then answer the questions.** 1. Trace the outlines of the adenosine molecule and the three phosphate groups. 2. Cut out each phosphate group. 3. Arrange the phosphate groups on the adenosine molecule to form a molecule of ATP. 4. When ATP is changed to ADP, it releases energy. Change your ATP molecule so that it forms ADP. What change did you make? removed one phosphate group 5. ADP can be converted into ATP. Change your ADP molecule into ATP. What change did you make? added one phosphate group 6. Fill in the blanks with two or three. The primary difference in the structures of ATP and ADP is that ATP has __three__ phosphate groups and ADP has __two__ phosphate groups. Fermentation Fermentation is respiration without oxygen. In fermentation, energy is released from food molecules by producing ATP. There are two forms of fermentation: alcoholic fermentation and lactic acid fermentation. Alcoholic fermentation is what makes bread rise. It is also used in alcoholic beverages. Lactic acid fermentation is used to produce foods such as cheese, yogurt, pickles, and kimchi. The diagram below shows the two types of fermentation. Follow the directions. 1. Label the process that shows alcoholic fermentation. 2. Label the process that shows lactic acid fermentation. Glycolysis Glucose 000000 CYTOPLASM NAD cycles back 2 NAD 2 ADP 2 ATP NAD cycles back 2 NADH 0002 Pyruvic Acid 000 2- NADH 2- NADH 2 NAD 2 CO 2 NAD Alcoholic Fermentation 2 Ethyl Alcohol 000 000 2 Lactic Acid Latic Acid Fermentation Circle the correct answer. Questions may have more than one correct answer. 3. Alcoholic fermentation is used to make which product? (bread cheese yogurt pickles 4. What kind of taste do lactic acid bacteria give foods? sweet salty sour spicy 5. What are some milk products made from lactic acid fermentation? milk sour cream- yogurt cheese 6. What is one main difference between fermentation and aerobic respiration?