Cell City Introduction

Answer key: CELL CITY INTRODUCTION! Floating around in the cytoplasm are small structures called organelles. Like the organs in your own body, each one carries out a specific function necessary for the cell to survive. Imagine the cells as a miniature city. The organelles might represent companies, places, or parts of the city because they each have similar jobs. Below are the descriptions of important parts of the Cell City: City Part City Limits Old Construction Building Private contractors Roads City Hall Parks, grass, trees Construction Company Delivery Van Food Processing Plant Warehouse Power Company Solar Power Plant Customization Shop Function Controls what goes in and out of the city Helps make constructions vehicles. Rough appearance. Contains special construction equipment for the city limits and taking out trash. Define city boundaries and used for transportation. Controls all the activities in of the city fills the space between structures in a city and gives a city its shape Builds construction vehicles for the city Delivers products made at the construction company to other locations in the city Processes large quantities of food entering the city into smaller packages that can be used more easily Stores materials needed by the city Produces energy for the city Uses the sun’s energy to produce power for the city Changes and puts the finishing touches on vehicles. Cell Part -cell membrance -Rough endoplasmic reticulum -Smooth endoplasmic reticulum Microtubules -Nucleus -Cytoplasm -Ribosomes Vesicle -Lysosomes -Vacuole -Mitochondria -Chloroplast Golgi Apparatus As you move through this worksheet, see if you can match the important parts of the city listed above to the specific organelles found in cells. Be sure to write neatly, and in complete sentences. As you move through this worksheet, see if you can match the important parts of the city listed above to the specific organelles found in cells. Be sure to write neatly, and in complete sentences. 1. The nucleus is a large, round/oval structure usually located near the center of the cell. It is the control center for all the activities of the cell. a. What company or place does the nucleus resemble in a Cell City? City Hall b. Why do you think so (How is the organelle like that company or place)? The nucleus controls all of the activities of the cell as city hall controls all the activities in of the city. 2. The cell membrane is a thin, flexible envelope that surrounds the cell. It allows the cell to change shape and controls what goes into and out of the cell. a. What company or place does the cell membrane resemble in a Cell City? City Limits b. Why do you think so (How is the organelle like that company or place)? The cell membrane controls what goes into and out of the cell as the city limits control what goes in and out of the city. 3. The smooth endoplasmic reticulum contains enzymes for making materials for the cell membrane along with getting rid of toxins in the cell. a. What company or place does smooth endoplasmic reticulum resemble in a Cell City? Private Contractors b. Why do you think so (How is the organelle like that company or place)? The smooth endoplasmic reticulum consists of enzymes for specific tasks like the private contractors specific tools for the city limits and trash. 4. The ribosomes are where proteins are constructed . a. What company or place do the ribosomes resemble in a Cell City? Construction Company b. Why do you think so (How is the organelle like that company or place)? Proteins which are building blocks of cells are constructed at the ribosomes as are structures for the city are built by a construction company. 5. The jelly-like area between the nucleus and the cell membrane is called the cytoplasm. It helps organelles move throughout the cell and fills the space between the nucleus and the cell membrane. a. What company or place does the cytoplasm resemble in a Cell City? Parks, grass, trees b. Why do you think so (How is the organelle like that company or place)? Cytoplasm fills all the space in the cell not taken up by organelles, just like parks etc. take up space not taken by buildings. 6. The mitochondria are tiny bean-shaped structures in the cytoplasm with a smooth outer membrane, and a greatly folded inner membrane. They supply the energy for the cell by transforming sugars into energy. a. What company or place do the mitochondria resemble in a Cell City? Power Company b. Why do you think so (How is the organelle like that company or place)? The mitochondria supply the energy for the cell by transforming sugars into energy as does a power company produce energy for the city. 7. Microtubules are used for support and structure. They help form the cytoskeleton, giving it its shape, and they are also used for transportation, moving things within the cell. a. What company or place do the chromosomes resemble in a Cell City? Road b. Why do you think so (How is the organelle like that company or place)? Microtubules provide structure through the cytoskeleton and are used for transportation, much like roads are used to define boundaries and also transport things. 8. The chloroplast is an oval, green structure found in the cytoplasm. It contains chlorophyll. It captures the sun’s energy and uses it to produces sugars in a process called photosynthesis. a. What company or place does the chloroplast resemble in a Cell City? Solar Power Plant b. Why do you think so (How is the organelle like that company or place)? The chloroplast captures the sun’s energy and uses it to produces sugars which is used to power a cell as a solar power plant uses the sun’s energy to produce power for the city. 9. The lysosomes are small round structures found in the cytoplasm. They contain digestive enzymes that break down large food particles into sugars and other simple substances. a. What company or place do the lysosomes resemble in a Cell City? Food Processing Plant b. Why do you think so (How is the organelle like that company or place)? The lysosomes contain digestive enzymes that break down large food particles into sugars and other simple substances that can be used more easily as does a food processing plant that processes large quantities of food entering the city into smaller packages that can be used more easily. 10.The golgi apparatus modifies proteins and other materials before they are sent out to other parts of the cell or out of the cell. a. What company or place do the lysosomes resemble in a Cell City? Customization Shop b. Why do you think so (How is the organelle like that company or place)? The golgi apparatus modifies proteins before they are sent out, much like a customization shop puts the finishing touches on a vehicle before it leaves. 11.The vacuole is a large, round sac found in the cytoplasm. It stores water, food, wastes, or other materials needed by the cell. a. What company or place does the vacuole resemble in a Cell City? Warehouse b. Why do you think so (How is the organelle like that company or place)? The vacuole stores water, food, and other materials needed by the cell like a warehouse stores materials needed by the city. 12.The rough endoplasmic reticulum is the part of the ER that helps make proteins and has a rough look to it because of the ribosomes found on its surface. a. What company or place does the vacuole resemble in a Cell City? Old Construction Company b. Why do you think so (How is the organelle like that company or place)? The Rough ER helps build proteins like the old construction company helps make new construction vehicles. 13. Vesicles move materials throughout the cell, like moving proteins made at the ribosomes to other parts of the cell. a. What company or place does the vesicle resemble in a Cell City? Delivery Van b. Why do you think so (How is the organelle like that company or place)? Vesicles move materials throughout a cell, much like a delivery van moves materials throughout a city. 14.Now that you made the comparison between the parts of a city and the organelles of a cell, draw out your cell! a. Make sure to label all 13 parts you identified in the cell, as well as which city part they resemble. 3 2 1 4 10 9 5 11 12 6 13 7 8 PG 206 in books 1. Smooth ER 2. Nucleus 3. Rough ER 4. Ribosomes 5. GA 6. Vesicle 7 ria 8. Microtubules 9. Vacuole 10. Chloroplast 11. Lysosome 12. Cytoplasm 13. Cell membrane