Cell Organelles and Features Section 4-3

Name: Date: July 07, 2022 Class: SECTIO N 4- 3 REVIEW C ELL O RGANELLES AND F EATURES VOCABULARY REVIEW Distinguish between the terms in each of the following pairs of terms. 1. nucleoplasm, nuclear envelope Nucleoplasm, nucleus filled with a jellylike liquid. Nuclear envelope, double membrane that surrounds the nucleus of a eukaryotic cell. 2. cytoskeleton, microtubule Cytoskeleton, region of the cell within the membrane that includes the fluid. Microtubule, one of the small, tubular fibers composed of the protein tubulin that are found in the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells. 3. cilia, flagella Cilia, hairlike structure arranged in tightly packed row. Flagella, long hairlike structure that grows out of a cell. MULTIPLE CHOICE Write the correct letter in the blank. D 1. The plasma membrane a. allows all substances to pass into and out of the cell. b. prevents all substances from passing into and out of the cell. c. is composed mainly of a protein bilayer. d. is composed mainly of a lipid bilayer. A 2. Substances produced in a cell and exported outside of the cell would pass through the a. endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus. b. mitochondria and Golgi apparatus. c. nucleus and lysosomes. d. vacuoles and lysosomes. C 3. Cells that have a high energy requirement generally have many a. nuclei. b. flagella. c. mitochondria. d. microfilaments. B 4. Viruses, bacteria, and old organelles that a cell ingests are broken down in a. ribosomes. b. lysosomes. c. the rough endoplasmic reticulum. d. the smooth endoplasmic reticulum. Modern Biology Study Guide 23 Name Class Date SHORT ANSWER Answer the questions in the space provided. C 5. Organelles that are surrounded by two membranes and contain DNA are the a. b. c. d. 24 Section 4-24 nucleus, the endoplasmic reticulum, and lysosomes. nucleus, the endoplasmic reticulum, and chloroplasts. nucleus and mitochondria. endoplasmic reticulum and the Golgi apparatus. Name: Date: July 07, 2022 Class: SECTIO N 4- 3 REVIEW 1. What roles do membrane proteins play in transporting only certain substances into a cell? Based on the size of the substance and compatibility. 2. What are ribosomes made of? Ri bos omes a re o rgan el le made of p rotei n and RNA th at direc t pro te in s ynt hesis in t he cyt oplas m. What cellular function are they involved in? P rotein synthe sis; use d to make other proteins . 3. What is the cytoskeleton, and what are three of its major components? Microtubules, microfilaments, and intermediate filaments are a web of tiny tubes and filaments that crisscross the cytosol. 4. Describe the structural organization shared by cilia and flagella. Nine pairs of microtubules surround a central pair to form cilia and flagella. 5. Critical Thinking When lipid is added to a solution of a detergent in water, the detergent breaks up large globules of the lipid into much smaller globules. What effect do you think a detergent would have on the integrity of cells? Explain your answer. Would break up the phospholipid bilayer because it breaks down lipids. The breakdown of phospholipids in the cell membrane would cause the cell to disintegrate. STRUCTURES AND FUNCTIONS This diagram represents a typical animal cell. Label each part of the figure in the spaces provided. a. Mitochondrion a e b. Nucleus b c. Nucleolus c d. Golgi Apparatus d f e. Rough ER . f. Ribosomes Modern Biology Study Guide 25