Name: Date: July 07, 2022 Class: SECTIO N 4- 2 REVIEW I NTRODUCTION TO C ELLS VOCABULARY REVIEW Define the following terms. 1. Organelle - An organelle is a part of a cell that serves a particular purpose for the cell. 2. Nucleus - The majority of a cell's operations are controlled by the nucleus, an organelle that houses DNA with codes for controlling functioning and reproduction. 3. Eukaryote - A creature whose cells have a membrane-bound nucleus and other organelles is referred to as a eukaryote. 4. Prokaryote - An organism without a nucleus or membrane-bound organelles is referred to as a prokaryote. MULTIPLE CHOICE Write the correct letter in the blank. . A 1. Cells are limited in size by the a. rate at which substances needed by the cell can enter the cell through its surface. b. rate at which the cell can manufacture genetic information. c. amount of material the cell can collect to fill itself. d. amount of cell membrane the cell can produce. D 2. The diameter of most plant and animal cells is about a. 0.1 to 0.2  m. b. 10 to 50 m. c. 1 to 2 mm. d. 10 to 50 mm. A 3. The characteristic of a nerve cell that relates directly to its function in receiving and transmitting nerve impulses is its a. long extensions. b. flat shape. c. ability to change shape. d. ability to engulf and destroy bacteria. D 4. One difference between eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells is that only a. prokaryotic cells are surrounded by a cell membrane. b. prokaryotic cells have a nucleus. c. eukaryotic cells have genetic information. d. eukaryotic cells have membrane-bound organelles. Modern Biology Study Guide 21 Name Class Date SHORT ANSWER Answer the questions in the space provided. 1. How is the shape of a skin cell suited to its function? The body's surface is covered and shielded by its flat, plate-like shape. 2. How are the organelles of a single cell like the organs of a multicellular organism? Similar to how organs perform an organism's vital activities. The vitality of the cell is maintained by organelles. 3. Name two features of eukaryotic cells that prokaryotic cells lack. Eukaryotic cells have a membrane-bound nucleus and membrane-bound organelles. 4. Critical Thinking When a spherical cell increases in diameter from 2  m to 20 m, by what factor does its surface area change? By what factor does its volume change? (The surface area of a sphere = 4 radius2, and the volume of a sphere = 4/3  radius3 . Remember that diameter= 2  radius.) There is a 100-fold increase in surface area. A 1,000-fold rise in volume occurs. STRUCTURES AND FUNCTIONS X. Nucleus 1. These figures represent a eukaryotic cell and a prokaryotic cell. In the spaces below the diagrams, indicate which type of cell each diagram represents. a. Prokaryotic b. Eukaryotic 2. List two features that formed the basis for your identification of these cells. Prokaryotic has no nucleus and Eukaryotic has a nucleus. 3. Identify the structures labeled X and Y. 22 Section 4-22 . Nucleus and cell membrane